Batch and Fed-batch Fermentation for the Lovastatin Production by Cerulenin-resistant Aspergillus terreus Mutant

Cerulenin 저항성 Aspergillus terreus 변이주로부터 lovastatin 생산을 위한 회분식과 유가식 배양

  • 문미경 (전북대학교 응용생물공학부 및 생물산업연구소) ;
  • 전계택 (강원대학교 생명과학부) ;
  • 정용섭 (전북대학교 응용생물공학부 및 생물산업연구소)
  • Published : 2001.02.01

Abstract

The biosynthesis of Lovastatin, a cholesterol lowering agent formed by the filamentous fungus, cerulenin-resistant Aspergillus terreus mutant was studied in shake flasks and bioreactors. The lovastatin production could be improved by fed-batch under the limited condition of carbon source. The relationship between the fungal morphology and the lovastatin production was also examined during the fed-batch cultures. The fed-batch studies in shake flasks were carried out to find the optimum glucose feeding method, and the pulsed feeding of glucose from 3 days onward at 24 hours intervals was found to be optimal to increase the lovastatin production and reduce the average pellet size. When the pH was controlled at around 5.8 during the whole fermentation period, the lovastatin concentration reached 384 mg/L, which is much higher than the values obtained pH-uncontrolled and pH 7.4. The optimal glucose feeding strategies was found that 30 g/L of glucose was added initially in batch mode, and then fed-batch was conducted by continuous addition of glucose solution(180 g/L) from 72 to 240 hr at a rate of 1.2 mL/hr at $28^{\circ}C$, pH 5.8, 400 rpm, and 1.0 vvm. The lovastatin concentration of 547 mg/L was obtained in 168 hr. It was about 1.5 times higher than the value of the batch fermentation.

곰팡이 균인 Aspergillus terreus로서 고지혈증인 치료제인 lovastatin을 생산하기 위해 탄소원 조절에 의한 유가식 배양을 통해 lovastatin 생산 발효 조건을 확립하고자 하였다. 또한 발효시 곰팡이의 형태구조가 이차대사산물 생산에 중요함으로 유가식 배양에서의 공급배지농도와 공급속도에 따른 형태 구조의 변화가 생산성과 관련이 있는지를 구명하였다. Glucose 용액을 일정하게 또는 증가시켜 공급하는 방법을 실험하였으며 이 때 펠 의 분포를 비교하였다. Glucose 용액을 일정하게 공급한 경우가 1 mm 이하의 펠 이 더 많이 분포하였으며, lovastatin 생산량도 높았다. Lovastatin 생산에 적절한 펠 의 크기가 1 mm이었다는 연구 결과와 일치하였다. 또한 배양 방법 중 3일간 회분 배양 후 4일째부터 glucose를 일정하게 공급한 경우에서 높은 lovastatin 생산량을 나타내었다. 회분식 발효에서 lovastatin 생산을 위한 물리적 조건 중 교반 속도는 400 rpm으로 조절하였고 pH에 대한 영향을 조사하였다. 그 결과 pH 5.8로 유지하였을 때 lovastatin 생산량은 pH 7.4의 7배 이상인 384 mg/L로서 발효 기간 중 pH 조절이 중요하다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 플라스크에서의 유가식 배양과 회분식 배양결과를 토대로 하여 발효조에서 유가식 배양시 pH 5.8, 400 rpm, 초기 glucose 농도를 30 g/L 로 하여 3일간 회분 배양 후 4일째부터 180 g/L의 glucose 용액을 공급한 결과, 회분식 배양의 lovastatin 생산량보다 1.5배 많은 547 mg/L를 얻었으며, 생산성은 3.25 mg/L $\cdot$ hr였다.

Keywords

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