Shear Strength Property of Wood Treated by Steam Treatment at High Temperature

고온수증기처리 목재의 전단강도 특성

  • Kim, Jung-Hwan (Department of Wood Sci. & Tech., Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Lee, Weon-Hee (Department of Wood Sci. & Tech., Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Kim, Jong-Man (Division of Forest Science, College of Agriculture, Gyeongsang National University)
  • 김정환 (경북대학교 임산공학과) ;
  • 이원희 (경북대학교 임산공학과) ;
  • 김종만 (경상대학교 농과대학 산림과학부)
  • Received : 2001.03.29
  • Accepted : 2001.09.10
  • Published : 2001.12.30

Abstract

This study deals with shear strength test for Pinus densiflora and Pinus radiata treated at above $100^{\circ}C$ by heat steam. Treatment conditions of this experiment were operated at regular intervals of $20^{\circ}C$ at temperatures up to $200^{\circ}C$ for 5, 10, 20 and 30 minutes by using the steam-explosion apparatus. It was examined, at high temperatures, degradation of some compounds from wood composition could lead to reduced the shear strength through heat steaming processes and play a large part in the plastic process of solid wood materials. It could be estimated that the shear strength of woods were gradually reduced by heat steaming time. Remarkable reduction of shear strength of woods was observed with increasing steaming temperatures above 10 minutes steaming time. Furthermore, this phenomenon shows a tendency to increase with higher temperatures. Therefore, it was considered that the softening by steaming treatment at high temperatures is necessary for the improvement on the wood processing ability.

본 연구는 $100^{\circ}C$ 이상의 고온영역에서 증기처리에 의한 소나무(Pinus densiflora)재와 라디아타소나무(Pinus radiata)재의 전단강도를 조사하였다. 본 연구에서 사용한 열처리 조건은 온도조건 $100^{\circ}C$부터 $200^{\circ}C$까지 $20^{\circ}C$ 간격으로 6조건과 시간조건 5, 10, 20, 30분의 4조건이었으며, 폭쇄처리기를 사용하였다. 고온에서 증기처리에 의해 목재구성요소의 감소가 전단강도의 감소로 나타나고 목질재료의 광범위한 가소화를 진행시키는 것으로 판단된다. 목재의 전단강도는 증기처리시간에 따라서 점차적으로 감소한다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 10분 이상의 증기처리시간일 경우 온도가 올라갈수록 전단강도의 감소가 눈에 띄게 커졌다. 고온에서 증기처리에 의한 연화는 목재가공성 향상에 필요하다고 생각된다.

Keywords