Wind and Structures

  • 제3권1호
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  • Pages.23-40
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  • 2000
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  • 1226-6116(pISSN)
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  • 1598-6225(eISSN)
테크노프레스 (Techno-Press)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Effect of tornadoes on residential masonry structures

  • Pinelli, J.P. (Wind and Hurricane Impact Research Laboratory, Florida Institute of Technology) ;
  • O'Neill, S. (Wind and Hurricane Impact Research Laboratory, Florida Institute of Technology)
  • 발행 : 2000.03.25
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

In the early morning hours of February 23rd, 1998, seven large tornadoes ravaged central Florida. A total of 42 people were killed and millions of dollars of damage was done. A strip mall and other commercial structures sustained considerable damage and several residential areas were completely destroyed. Based on field observations, the paper examines the causes and sequence of structural failure for the masonry single family homes. Wind speeds are estimated based on the observed damage, and compared to the meteorological data. Finally, recommendations are given that could help to eliminate or reduce similar failures in the future. It was found that with simple, cost effective measures, most if not all of the damage could have been prevented.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. ACI 530-95/ASCE 5-95/TMS 402-95, Building Code Requirements for Masonry Structures, American Concrete Institute, American Society of Civil Engineers & The Masonry Society, 1996.
  2. ASCE 7-95, Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and Other Structures, ASCE Standard, American Society of Civil Engineers, 1995.
  3. Mehta, K.C., and Carter, R. (1999) "Assessment of tornado wind speed from damge in jefferson county, alabama", Proceedings, 10th International Conference on Wind Engineering, Copenhagen, Denmark, June 21-24, 1, 265-271.
  4. Minor, J.E. (1994) "Windborne debris and the building envelope", Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics, ASCE, 53, 207-227. https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-6105(94)90027-2
  5. National Construction Estimator, Craftsman Book Company, Carlsbad, CA, 1996.
  6. NDS-1997, National Design Specification for Wood Construction, American Forest and Paper Association, 1997.
  7. NOAA/NWS 1998. Service Assessment: Central Florida Tornado Outbreak of February 22-23, 1998. National Weather Service, Melbourne, FL,, USA. Online. Available: http://www.nws.noaa.gov/om/omdis.htm.
  8. O'Neill S., and Pinelli, J.-P. (1998) "Recommendations for the mitigation of tornado induced damages on masonry structures", Research Report No 1998-1, Wind and Hurricane Impact Research Laboratory, Florida Tech, Melbourne, Florida, USA.
  9. Phan, L.T., and Simiu, E. (1998) "The Fujita tornado intensity scale: a critique based on observations of the Jarrell tornado of May 27, 1997. NIST Technical note 1426", National Institute of Standards and Technology, Washington, D.C., July.
  10. Pinelli, J.-P., O'Neill, S., Subramanian, C. S., and Leonard, M. (1999) "Effect of tornadoes on commercial structures, Proceedings", 10th International Conference on Wind Engineering, Copenhagen, Denmark, June 21-24.
  11. SBCCI, Standard Building Code, Southern Building Code Congress International, Birmingham, AL, 1994.
  12. SFBC, South Florida Building Code, Miami-Dade Building Code Compliance Office, Miami, FL, 1998. Online available: http://www.buildingcodeonline.com.
  13. Twisdale, L.A. (1978, "Tornado data characterization and windspeed risk", Journal of the Structural Division, ASCE, 104(ST10), 1611-1630.

피인용 문헌

  1. Vulnerability of Roof and Building Walls Under a Translating Tornado Like Vortex vol.5, pp.None, 2000, https://doi.org/10.3389/fbuil.2019.00053