포도의 품종별 휘발성 향기성분 분석

Volatile Flavor Components in Various Varieties of Grape(Vitis vinifera L.)

SDE 방법으로 추출한 블랙올림피아, 캠벨, 델라웨어의 향기성분을 분석하여 각각 77종, 72종, 74종의 휘발성 향기성분을 분리.동정하였다. 블랙올림피아의 주요향기성분으로 (E)-2-hexenal(20.36%), diethylacetal(18.03%), hexanal, ethyl acetate가 다량 함유되어 있었다. 캠벨에서는 에스터류로써 30.81%를 나타낸 ethyl acetate가 가장 높은 함량을 보였으며, ethyl (E,E)-2,4-decadienoate와 ethyl butanoate가 각각 7.96%, 2.59%를 차지하였고, 알코올류와 알데이드류는 주로 $C_{6}$ 화합물이 다량 함유되었다. 델라웨어에서는 블랙올림피아나 켐벨과는 달리 알코올류가 높은 함량을 나타내었으며, 주요 성분은 (E)-2-hexenal (21.07%)과 (E)-2-hexen-1-ol(19.43%) 이었다. 세 종류의 품종에서 공통적으로 hexanal, (E)-2-hexenal, hexanol, (E)-2-hexen-1-ol, ethyal acetate 둥이 다량 동정되어 $C_{6}$-화합물이 포도의 주된 향기성분으로 확인되었으나 테르펜올류는 델라웨어에서만 미량으로 검출되었다. 품종별 휘발성 향기성분의 총함량으로 블랙올림피아, 캠벨, 델라웨어에서 각각 13.7 mg/kg, 48.5 mg/kg,15.3 mg/kg이 정량분석 되었다.

Volatile flavor components in three grape(Vitis vinifera L.) varieties were extracted by SDE(Simultaneous steam distillation and extraction) method using the mixture of n-pentane and diethylether(1:1, v/v) as an extract solvent. Grapes of the following varieties were studies : Blackolympia, Campbell and Delaware. The volatile extracts were analyzed by GC-FID and GC/MS. The totals of 77, 72 and 74 volatile flavor components were identified in Blackolympia, Campbell and Delaware, respectively. (E)-2-Hexenal(20.36%), diethylacetal(18.03%), hexanal and ethyl acetate were contained as the main compounds of Blackolympia. In Campbell, ethyl acetate(30.81%) was relatively more abundant than other compounds and among functional groups, C$\_$6/ aldehydes and alcohols were major constituents of the extract. On the other hand, in Delaware, alcohols was the major constituent group and (E)-2-hexenal(21.07%) and (E)-2-hexena1-ol(19.43%) were the main compounds. All of three grape varieties contained a large amount of hexanal, (E)-2-hexenal, hexanol, (E)-2-hexen-1-ol, thus C$\_$6/-compounds proved to be major volatile components of grape and small amount of terpenols were only detected from Delaware.