Field Survey of structural and Environmental Characteristics of Pig Houses in the Southern Provinces in Korea

전업양축농가를 위한 남부지방 돈사의 구존 및 환경실태조사

The structural and environmental characteristics of typical pig houses in different growth phases were surveyed and analyzed. Based on the data for thirty nine selected farms in four provinces, Jeonbuk-do, Jeonnam-do, Gyeongbuk-do, and Gyeongnam-do, in the southern provinces, Korea, the goal is to eventually establish standard pig houses of sow and litter, nursery pigs, and growing-finishing pigs. The survey included farm scale, production specialization, structural dimensions of the houses and their ventilation systems, cooling and heating systems, and floor and pit systems related to manure collection. The survey showed 90∼98% of growing-finishing pig houses adopted the sidewall curtain systems. The sidewall curtain systems, although popular, is not well insulated which leads to excessive heating costs in winter. Regarding flooring and manure collection system of the house, 23∼35% of growing-finishing houses installed scraper systems with concrete-slat floors in Gyeongsang provinces while 52∼78% did in Jeolla provinces. The cause of a large variance in flooring between tow regions could not be academically pinpointed, rather it could be attributed to the advice of neighbors who leads local pig production circle. A general trend toward enlargement and enclosure of pig houses for all growth phases was gaining popularity in most regions in recent years. A steady shift to multisite operation from continuous operation was also observed to prevent a disease transfer. The structural design of a standard pig house with its environmental control systems including ventilation and heating/cooling system was suggested for further validation study. In-depth analysis of the survey data is presented in the Results and Discussion section.