Biological Control of Apple Pests with Entomopathogenic Nematodes, Steinernema spp.

Steinernema 속 곤충병원선충을 이용한 사과원 병해충의 생물학적 방제

  • 유연수 (계명대학교 화학·재료공학부) ;
  • 박선호 (계명대학교 화학·재료공학부)
  • Published : 2000.02.01

Abstract

Peach fruit month, smaller tea tortrix, and Melotontha incana are major pests of apple and apple trees throughout the country. In this work, we examined efficacies of entomopathogenic nematodes Steinernema carpocapsae and Steinernema glaseri against these apple pests. Steinernema carpocapsae showed 100% mortality after 24hr against peach fruit moth when it was applied on the larva with the concentration of 80 nematodes per larva, but Steinernema glaseri caused 83.3$\pm$5.8% mortality after 24hr at the concentration of 50 nematodes per larva. In the case of smaller tea tortrix, S. carpocapsae and S. glaseri caused 100%, 43.3$\pm$5.8% at the concentration of 50 nematodes per larva after 48 hr, respectively. However, 5~6 instar of Melotontha incana was not killed by treatments with S. carpocapsae and S.glaseri up to concentration of 200~800 nematodes per larva. The motility of nematodes in a soil increased as both inoculation concentration of nematode per larva and temperature increased. The mortality of G. mellonella by S. carpocapsae was 100% up to 10cm in depth and 56.7$\pm$5.8% at 10~15cm in depth when the temperature was $25^{\circ}C$ and 50 nematodes per larva were used.

복숭아심식나방, 사고애모무늬잎말이나방 그리고 왕풍뎅이 는 전국에 퍼져있는 주요 사과원 해충들이다. 본 연구에서는 국내에서 분리된 고충병원성 성충인 Steinernema carpocapsae 와 Steunernema glaseri종을 이용하여 이들 사과원 병해충에 대한 방제효과를 조사하였다. 복숭아심식나방의 경우 S.carpocapsae를 유충 한 마리당 80마리의 농도로 처리했을 때 24시간 후에 100%의 치사율을 보였으나 S. glaseri의 경우 유충 한 마리당 50마리의 농도로 처리했을 때 48시간 후에도 $83.3\pm5.8$%의 치사율을 보였다. 사과애모무늬잎말이나방의 경우 50마리/mL 선충농도로 처리하였을 때 48시간 후에 S.carpocapsae와 S.glaseri의 처리구는 각각 100%와 43.3$\pm$5.8%의 치사율을 보였다. 그러나 왕풍뎅이 5~6령충의 경우 유츙 한 마리당 200~800마리까지 S.carpocapsae와 S.glaseri를 처리하였으나 병원성이 없는 것으로 나타났다. 선충의 토양 침투력은 유충 한 마리당 선충 접종농도가 증가할수록, 그리고 온도가 높을수록 증가되어 $25^{\circ}C$, 50마리/mL 처리구에서 S.carpocapsae가 10cm 깊이까지는 100%의 치사율을, 16~15cm깊이에서는 56.7$\pm$5.8%의 치사율을 보였다.

Keywords

References

  1. Entomopathogenic nematodes Poinar G.O. Jr;E.J. Brill(ed.)
  2. Entomopathogenic nematodes in biological control Gaugler R.;H.K. Kaya
  3. Monacrosporium ellipsosporum and Arthrobotrys oligospora (Moniliales: Deuteromycetes) Rev. Nematol. v.9 Infection of Neoaplectana and Heterorhabdius with the predatory fungi Poinar G.O. Jr.;H. Hansson
  4. Int. J. Syst. Bateriol. v.29 Xenorhabdus gen. nov., a genus of entomopathogenic, nematophilic bacteria of the family enterobacteriaceae Thomas G.M.;G.O. Jr. Poinar
  5. Entomophagous Nematodes, In Biological Plant and Health Protection Poinar G.O. Jr.;G. Fischer(ed.)
  6. Nematodes for biological control of insects Poinar G.O. Jr.
  7. Entomopathogenic nematodes in biological control Akhurst R.J.;M.E. Boemare
  8. Int. J. Parasitol. v.13 Bird A.F.;R.J. Akhurst
  9. Korean J. Biotechnol. Bioeng. v.12 no.3 Environmentally friendly biopesticide using entomopathogenic nematodes Park S.H.;D.W. Kim
  10. Korean J. Biotechnol. Bioeng. v.13 no.1 Culture condition of entomopathogenic nematodes using Galleria mellonella larva Kim D.W.;S.H. Park
  11. J. Economic Entomology v.86 no.3 Laboratory and freod evaluation of an entomogenous nematode (Nematoda: Steinernematicae) for german cockroach (Dictyptera: Blattellidae) control Appel A.G.;E.P. Benson;J.M. Ellenberger;S.A. Manweiler
  12. Korean J. Appl. Entomol. v.30 no.4 Laboratory evaluation of entomopathogenic nematodes, Steinernema carpocapsae and Heterorhabditis bacteriophora against some forest insect pests Choo H.Y.;H.K. Kaya;S.M. Lee;T.O. Kim;J.B. Kim
  13. Rev. Nematol. v.8 Survival of infective juveniles of Heterorhabdiis spp. and Steinernema spp. at various temperature and their subsequent infectivity for insects Molyneux A.S.
  14. Biol. Control v.1 Culture method and efficacy of entomopathogenic nematodes (Rhabklitida Steinernematidae and Heterorhabditidae) Gaugler R.;R. Georgis
  15. Fundam. Appl. Nemalol. v.15 Linear regression models describing the performance of the insect parasitic nematode, Heterorhabditis ap. during storage Westerman P.R.;M. Stapel
  16. Biological Control v.10 Quality of the enromopathogenic nematode Sternernema carpocapsae produced on different media Yang H.;H. Jian;S. Zhang