Two-Arm Cooperative Assembly Using Force-Guided Control with Adaptive Accommodation

적응 순응성을 갖는 힘-가이드 제어 기법을 이용한 두 팔 로봇 협동 조립작업

  • Choi, Jong-Dho ;
  • Kang, Sung-Chul (Human Robot Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology) ;
  • Kim, Mun-Sang (Human Robot Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology) ;
  • Lee, Chong-Won (Human Robot Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology) ;
  • Song, Jae-Bok (Dept.of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Uni)
  • 최종도 (우리기술(주) 연구원) ;
  • 강성철 (한국과학기술연구원 휴먼로봇연구센터) ;
  • 김문상 (한국과학기술연구원 휴먼로봇연구센터) ;
  • 이종원 (한국과학기술연구원 휴먼로봇연구센터) ;
  • 송재복 (고려대학교 기계공학과)
  • Published : 2000.03.01

Abstract

In this paper a new two-arm cooperative assembly(or insertion) algorithm is proposed. As a force-guided control method for the cooperative assembly the adaptive accommodation controller is adopted since it does not require any complicated contact state analysis nor depends of the geometrical complexity of the assembly parts. Also the RMRC(resolved motion rate control) method using a relative jacobian is used to solve inverse kinematics for two manipulators. By using the relative jacobian the two cooperative redundant manipulators can be formed as a new single redundant manipulator. Two arms can perform a variety of insertion tasks by using a relative motion between their end effectors. A force/torque sensing model using an approximated penetration depth calculation a, is developed and used to compute a contact force/torque in the graphic assembly simulation . By using the adaptive accommodation controller and the force/torque sensing model both planar and a spatial cooperative assembly tasks have been successfully executed in the graphic simulation. Finally through a cooperative assembly task experiment using a humanoid robot CENTAUR which inserts a spatially bent pin into a hole its feasibility and applicability of the proposed algorithm verified.

Keywords

References

  1. M. Akira, Y. Motoji, and H. Go 'Cooperative path planning for two manipulators,' Proc. IEEE Int Conf. Robotics and Automation, pp 2853-2858, 1996 https://doi.org/10.1109/ROBOT.1996.506595
  2. C. L. Lewis, 'Trajectory generation for two robots cooperating to perform a task.,' Proc. IEEE Int. Conf. Robotics and Automation, pp 1626-1631, 1996 https://doi.org/10.1109/ROBOT.1996.506945
  3. S. A. Schneider, R H. Cannon, Jr, 'Object impedance control for cooperative manipulation : theory and experimental results,' IEEE Trans. on Robotics and Automation, vol. 8, no. 3, pp. 383-394, 1992 https://doi.org/10.1109/70.143355
  4. S. G. Tzafestas, Robotic Systems : Advanced Techniques and Applications, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Netherlands, 1992
  5. G Duelen, H. Munch, and Y Zang, 'Intelligent programming of force-constrained cooperating robots,' Journal of Robotic Systems, vol. 15, pp. 469-477, 1994
  6. S. J. Gordon and W. P. Seering, 'Programmable tools for flexible assembly systems,' Proc. ASME International Computers in Engineering Conf. and Exhibition, Boston, pp. 239-245, 1985
  7. D. E. Whitney, 'Quasi static assembly of compliantly supported rigid parts,' Journal of Dynamic Systems, Measurement and Control, vol. 104, March, pp. 65-77, 1982
  8. D E. Whitney, 'Force feedback control of manipulator fine motions,' J. of Dynamic Systems, Measurement and Control, vol. 99, no. 2, pp. 91-97, 1977
  9. J. K. Salisbury, 'Active stiffness control of a manipulator in Cartesian coordinates,' Proc. of the 19th IEEE Conf. on Decision and Control, pp. 95-100, 1980 https://doi.org/10.1109/CDC.1980.272026
  10. N. Hogan, 'Impedance control an approach to manipulation : part III-applications,' ASME Journal of Dynamic Systems, Measurement and Control, vol. 107, March, pp. 17-24, 1985
  11. M. H Raibert and J. J. Craig, 'Hybrid position/force control of manipulator,' Journal of Dynamic Systems, Measurement and Control, vol. 102, March, pp. 126-133, 1981
  12. M. Mason, 'Compliance and force control for computer controlled manipulators,' IEEE Trans. Automatic Control, AC-25, pp 468-474, 1980
  13. A. A. Goldenberg, and P Song, 'Analysis and design of position/force controllers part I,II,' Workshop3 of IEEE Int. Conf. on Robotics and Automation: Force and Contact Control in Robotic Operation : Theory and Applications, pp. 2-1-2-60, 1996
  14. K. S. Chul, K. I. Lee, Y. K. Hwang, M. S. Kim, and Ch. W. Lee, 'A compliant motion control for insertion of complex shaped objects using contact,' Proc. IEEE Int. Conf. Robotics and Automation, pp. 841-846, 1997 https://doi.org/10.1109/ROBOT.1997.620139
  15. David R. Strip, 'Insertions using geometric analysis and hybrid force-position control: Method and analysis,' Proc. of the IEEE Int. Conf. Robotics and Automation, pp. 1744-1751, 1988 https://doi.org/10.1109/ROBOT.1988.12318
  16. S. Kang, M. Kim, C. W. Lee, and K I Lee, 'A target approachable force-guided control for complex assembly,' Proc. IEEE Int. Conf. Robotics and Automation, pp. 826-831, 1998 https://doi.org/10.1109/ROBOT.1998.677087
  17. R. S. Ball, A treatise on the Theory of Screws, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1990
  18. K. H. Hunt, Kinematic Geometry of Mechanisms, Clarendon, Oxfords, 1978
  19. Chiacchio P, Chiaverini S, Siciliano B, 'Direct and inverse kinematics for coordinated motion tasks of a two-manipulator system,' Journal of Dynamic Systems Measurement & Control-Trans. of the ASME, vol 118 no. 4, pp. 483-494, 1996
  20. Latombe, J.C, Robot Motion Planning, Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1991
  21. T C. Liang and J. S Liu, 'An improved trajectory planner for redundant manipulators in constrained workspace,' The fifth International Conf. on Control, Automation, Robotics and Vision (ICARCV '98), pp. 1341-1346, 1998
  22. H. Asada, 'Teaching and learning of compliance using neural nets: representation and generation of nonlinear compliance,' Proc. IEEE Int. Conf. Robotics and Automation., pp 1237-1244, 1990 https://doi.org/10.1109/ROBOT.1990.126167
  23. Arora, Introduction to optimum Design, McGraw Hill, Singapore, 1989
  24. E. G Gilbert, D. W. Johnson, and S. S. Keerthi, 'A fast procedure for computing the distance between complex objects in three-dimensional space,' IEEE Journal of Robotics and Automation, vol 4, no. 2, pp. 193-203, 1988 https://doi.org/10.1109/56.2083
  25. 강성철, '적응 순응성을 갖는 힘-가이드 제어에 관한 연구', 박사 학위 논문, 서울대 기계설계학과, 1998
  26. 최종도, 강성철, 김문상, 송재복, '인간형 로봇 CENTAUR 상체의 기구학적 보정', 제어계측-자동화-로보틱스 연구회 합동 학술 발표회, pp 127-130, 1998