Characterization of Chitin Deacetylase Produced from Mucor rouxii

Mucor rouxii가 생산한 Chitin deacetylase의 특성

  • SOHN Heung-Sik (DaeSun Distilling Co., Ltd., Lab.) ;
  • PARK Seong-Min (Department of Food Science and Technology, Pukyong National University) ;
  • SON Byung-Yil (Department of Food Science and Technology, Pukyong National University) ;
  • CHOI Hyeon-Mee (Department of Food Science and Technology, Pukyong National University) ;
  • LEE Keun-Tai (Department of Food Science and Technology, Pukyong National University)
  • Published : 1999.03.01

Abstract

In order to degrade chitin by enzymatic hydrolysis, it is required from screening highly active deacetylase. To this end, we examined three fungal strains and it turned out that Mucor rouxii produced highly active deacetylase, this enzyme exhibited the highest enzymatic activity against colloidal chitin. The conditions for growing Mucor rouxii are as follows; the effective carbon source, nitrogen source, adequate initial pH, temperature and incubation time were $2\%$ glucose, $1.33\%$ yeast extract, $0.66\%$ pepton, 4.5, $25{\pm}2^{\circ}C$ and 48hr, respectively. The optimum pH and temperature for purified enzyme activity were 5.5 and $40^{\circ}C$, respectively. The purified enzyme was stable at pH ranging from 4.5 to 5.5. However, the enzyme activity was decreased to less than $50\%$ at pH blow 45 and above 7.5. At temperatures above $50^{\circ}C$, the enzyme activity was decreased remarkably. The enzyme was inhibited by LiC1, $HgCl_2$, and $BaCl_2$, but stimulated by $CaCl_2$ and $ZnC1_2$, The activity of purified enzyme was increased by L-cysteine and 2-mercaptoethanol, while decreased by O-phenanthroline, p-CMB, EDTA, and iodoacetate. The $K_m$ and the $V_{max}$ value of purified enzyme were $1.2\%$ and 59.5 U/mg, respectively. The deacetylation activity of purified enzyme was not detected at optimal reaction condition when chitin particle suspension was used.

Chitin deacetylase 추출을 위한 M. rouxii균의 성장 및 분해활성효소의 생산을 위한 공급원 중, 탄소원으로는 glucose 및 fructose 등이 가장 우수한 것으로 나타났고, 질소원으로는 yeast extract 및 pepton이 3:2의 비율로 총 $2\%$ 정도의 농도가 가장 효과적이었다. 성장 최적 pH는 4.5, 배양온도는 $25^{\circ}C$ 부근이었고 약산성 및 7.5이상의 영역에서는 균체의 성장 및 분해활성 효소의 활성이 급격히 저하되었으며 $35^{\circ}C$ 이상의 온도영역에서는 거의 생육하지 못하였다. 정제효소의 최적활성 pH 영역은 pH 5.5 부근이었으며 pH 4.0이하와 pH 8.0 이상의 반응조건에서는 급격한 활성저하를 초래하였고 반응 온도 $35^{\circ}C\~40^{\circ}C$ 영역에서 최고의 활성을 나타내었다. pH안정성에 있어서 pH 4.5 이하 및 pH 7.5 이상의 영역에서는 상당히 불안정한 것으로 나타났으며 $CaCl_2$$ZnC1_2$ 첨가에 의하여 약 $10\~20\%$의 활성이 증가되었으나 $Li^{2+}$$Hg^{2+}$ 등에 의해서는 현저한 활성저하현상을 나타내었다. 정제효소는 SH-화합물인 L-cysteine 과 S-S결합 절단제인 2-mercaptoethanol에 의해서는 활성이 증대되었고, SH 차단제인 $\sigma$-phenanthroline, CMB 및 금속 chelate제인 EDTA와 iodoacetate에 의해서는 활성이 현저히 저하되었다. 그리고, 정제효소의 $K_m$$1.2\%$였으며, $V_{max}$는 59.5U/mg 이었고, 20, 40, 60, 80mesh의 크기로 제조되어 진 분말 chitin에 대한 정제효소와의 반응에서 반응생성물인 acetic acid는 검출되지 않았다.

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