초록
대청호의 중.하류 주요지점에서 수질특성을 파악하기 위하여 환경요인과 식물플랑크톤의 변동을 98년 6월부터 99년 6월까지 매월 조사하였다. 환경요인 중 수온, DO및 pH는 각각 5.3~27.7$^{\circ}C$, 6.2~13.8 mgO$_2$/1 및 6.4~9.5 범위로서 계절적 영향이 컸다. 무기영양염 중 NH$_4$, NO$_3$, SRP 및 SRSi 농도는 각각 18~104 $\mu$g N/1, 79~1,111 $\mu$g N/1, 0~16 $\mu$g P/1 및 0~3.0 mg Si/l 범위였다. 무기질소 중 NH$_4$ 는 NO$_3$의 5.5~7.2%수준이었다. NO$_3$는 하계에만 다소 낮았고 다른 시기에는 거의 일정하였다. SRP와 SRSi농도는 남조류가 우점하는 하계에 증가하였고 수온이 감소된 10월 이후에 규조류의 증가와 함께 SRP와 SRSi농도가 감소하였다. 따라서 SRSi는 SRP와 더불어 조류 생장에 밀접한 관련성이 있는 영양염으로 평가되었다. Chl-$\alpha$ 평균농도는 8~12 $\mu$g/1 범위로서 하류(댐)에서 가장 낮았다. 또한 하절기에 TN/TP비가 감소할수록 chi-$\alpha$ 농도는 증가하였고 TN/TP비의 평균값은 110으로서 조류의 생장에 대해 P 제한성이 강하였다. 식물플랑크톤의 변동은 계절에 따라 소수종이 우점하는 특성이 관찰되었다. 하계에는 남조류 Anabaena, Microcystis 및 Oscillatoria속 조류가 주로 초여름부터 늦가을까지 발생하여 번무하였다. 이 중에서 A. spiroides v. crassa는 0.3~2.0$\times$$10^4$cells/ml, M. aeruginosa는 6.4$\times$$10^2$~1.0$\times$$10^4$cells/m1 및 O. limosu는 4.6$\times$$10^3$~1.6$\times$$10^4$ cells/ml 범위로서 변화 폭이 가장 컸다. 반면 동계에는 규조류 Stephanodiscus속 조류가 11월~4월에 평균 4.9$\times$$10^2$cells/m1수준이었고 1월에 평균 세포수가 1.3$\times$$10^3$ cells/ml로 많아 중요종으로 볼 수 있었다.
In order to elucidate characteristics of water quality, investigation of monthly dynamics of environmental factors and algal populations at major four stations of the mid and lower part in Taechong Reservoir was performed from June 1998 to June 1999. Water temperature, DO and pH were ranged 5.3~27.7$^{\circ}C$, 6.2~13.8 mgO$_2$/1 and 6.4~9.5, respectively. Those were varying as the season changes. Among inorganic nitrogen nutrients, NH$_4$was ranged from 5.5% to 7.2% of NO$_3$and NO$_3$was almost same through the seasons except summer in which it was low. SRP and SRSi were increased in summer when the blue-green algae became dominant. Those were decreased as the cell density of diatom increased when the water temperature dropped. Therefore SRSi was considered to be another important nutrient factor contributing to the increment of biomass of freshwater algae as well as SRP. Average chi-$\alpha$ concentration ranged from s to 12 $\mu$g/1 and in the lower part or the reservoir, the lowest was found. Moreover, there were remarkable increment in summer when TN/TP ratio were decreasing from relationships between TN/TP ratio and chi-$\alpha$ concentration. Annual mean ratio of TN/TP ratio was relatively high as the value was 110, which was relatively high, and it showed that P is the dominant factor in the algal growth. The dynamics of phytoplankton were simply dominated by a few species seasonally. In summer, blue -green algae such as Anabaena, Microcystis and Oscillatoria were dominant and algal bloom of blue -green began from early summer, sustained to late autumn. The average standing crops of A. spiroides v. crassa, M. aeruginosa and O. limosa were ranged 0.3~2.0$\times$10$^4$cells/ml, 6.4$\times$10$^2$~1.0$\times$10$^4$cells/ml and 4.6$\times$10$^3$~1.6$\times$10$^4$cells/ml, respectively. In winter, diatom Stephanodiscus was considered to be an important species whose average standing crops of Stephunodiscus was 4.9$\times$10$^2$cells/ml from November to April of the next year and the highest was 1.3$\times$10$^3$cells/ml in January.
