여자체조선수의 섭식패턴, 채중조절방법 및 영양섭취상태(제1보)

Eating Pattern, Weight Control Behavior and Nutritional Status in High Level Female Gymnasts

This study was conducted with 20 female gymnasts and 23 age-matched controls to examine pattern, weight control behavior and nutritional status. Most gymnasts(95.0%) reported that they used weight-control methods, while relatively few age-matched controls employed these methods. These methods included sauna(95.0%), food restriction(90.0%), excess exercise (70.0%), laxative abuse(10%) and use of diet pills(10%). Gymnasts had significantly (p<0.05) lower scores for statements related to 'sneaking food', 'vomiting after overeating', showing more negative eating behavior than age-matched controls. Energy intake of gymnasts was 968.9$\pm$421.4kcal while energy expenditure was 2,091$\pm$361kcal, showing negative evergy balance(-1,1225$\pm$534.6kcal). Female gymnasts consumed less than 70% of the RDA for protein, calcium, iron, vitamin A, thiamin, riboflavin and niacin, which reflects their low energy intake. The average intakes of calcium, iron, vitamin A, thiamin, riboflavin and niacin did not meet the recommended dietary allowances for their age groups. Adolescent athletes who train vigorously and consume a low-energy diet may be exposed to an increase in potential health risks. Therefore, individuals who advise athletic adolescents regarding training and dietary habits need to emphasize the importance of consuming an appropriate energy intake to support performance as well as growth and development. The sports nutritionist is in a position to convey such information to coaches, physicians, parents and to the athletes themselves.