Economic and Environmental Geology (자원환경지질)

The Korean Society of Economic and Environmental Geology (대한자원환경지질학회)
권호 표지

Weathering of coal and kerogen : implications on the geochmical carbon and oxygen cycle and the environmental geochemical reactions

탄질 유기물과 케로젠의 풍화 : 탄소와 산소의 지화학적 순환 및 환경화학적 반응에 미치는 영향

  • 장수범 (예일대학교 대학원 지질학 및 지구물리학과)
  • Published : 1999.02.01
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Sedimentary organic matter, exposed to continental surficial environment, reacts with oxygen supplied from the atmosphee and forms carbon-containing oxidation products. Knowledge of the rate and mechanisms of sedimentary organic matter weathering is important because it is one of the major controls on atmospheric oxygen level through geologic time. Under the abiological conditions, the oxidation rate of coal organic matter by molecular oxygen is enhanced by the increase of oxygen concentration and temperature. At ambient temperature and pressure, aqueous coal oxidation results in the formation of dissolved $CO_2$ dissolved organic carbon and solid oxidation products which are all quantitatively significant reaction products. The effects of pH, ultraviolet light, and microbial activity on the weathering of sedimentary organic matter are poorly contrained. Based on the results of geochmical and environmental studies, it is believed that the photochemical reaction should play an important role in the decomposition and oxidation of sedimentary organic matter removed from the weathering profile. At higher pH conditions, the production rate of DOC can be accelerated due to base catalysis. These high molecular weight oranic matter can react with man-made pollutants such as heavy metal ions via adsorption/desorption or ion exchange reactions. The effect of microbial activity on the oxidative weathering of sedimentary organic matter is poorly understood and remains to be studied.

Keywords

References

  1. Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol (Global Planet Change section) v.75 BioGeochemical cycle of carbon and sulfer and their effect on atmospheric oxygen over Phanerzoic time Berner, R.A.
  2. Amer. J. Sci. v.289 A new model for atmospheric oxygen Phanerozoic time Berner, R.A.;Canfield D.E.
  3. J. Sediment. Petrol. v.42 Identification of leonardite, a naturally oxidized lignite, by low=angel X-ray scattering method Broughton P.L.
  4. Environ. Sci. Technol. v.32 Humic substance formation via the oxidative weathering of coal Chang, S.;Berner, R.A.
  5. Geochem. Cosmochem. Acta Coal weathering and the geochemical carbon cycle Chang, S.;Berner, R.A.
  6. Fuel v.72 The effect of moisture content on the oxidation rate of coal during near-equilibrium drying and wetting at 50 degree C Chen, X.D.;Stott, J.B.
  7. Geochem. Cosmochem. Acta v.42 Subaerial weathering of sedimentary organic matter Clayton, J.L.;Swetland, P.J.
  8. Fuel v.70 Low-temperature oxidation studies of dries New-Zealand coals Clemens, A.H.;Matheson, T.W.;Rogers, D.E.
  9. Applied Biochem. Biotechnol. v.54 Biotransformation of coal substructure model compoundsby microbial enzymes Crawford, D.L.;Nielson, E.P.
  10. Kerogen: insoluble organic matter from sedimentary rocks Durand, B.(ed.)
  11. Science v.277 Variability in radiocarbon ages of individual organic compounds from marine sediments Eglinton, T.I.;BenitezNelson, B.C.;Pearson, A.;McNichol, A.P.;Bauer, J.E.;Druffel, E.R.M.
  12. Applied Biochem. and Biotechnol. v.24/25 Microbial solubilization of a preoxidized subbituminous coal product characterization Faison, B.D.;Woodward, C.A.;Bean, R.M.
  13. Humic and fluvic acids: Isolation, structure, and environmental role Gaffney, J.S.;Marley, N.A.;Clark, S.B.(ed.)
  14. The chemical evolution of atmosphere and oceans Halland, H.D.
  15. Coal Science and Technology v.14 Coal weathering and oxidation: early stages In: Chemistry of coal weathering Huggins, F.E.;Huffman, G.P.
  16. Fuel Processing Technology v.15 Loe temperature oxidation of bituminous coal : its detection and effect on coal conversion Huggins, F.E.;Huffman, G.P.;Dunmyre, G.R.Nardozzi, M.J.;Lin, M.C.
  17. Energy and Fuel v.1 Oxidative weathering of Powder River basin coal Isaacs, J.J.;Liotta, R.
  18. The low temperature oxidation of coal: its kinetics and implication for spontaneous conbustion Itay, M.
  19. Prepr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc., Div. Fuel Chem. v.34 Effect of oxidative weatehring on aliphatic structure of coal Joseph, J.T.;Mahajan, O.P.
  20. AIChE Journal v.27 Reaction regimes in coal oxidation Karsner, G.G.;Perlmutter, D.D.
  21. Energy and Fuel v.3 Quatification of Illinois No. 6 coal in air between 295 and 398 K Keleman, S.R.;Freund, H.
  22. Energy and Fuel v.9 Quatification of organic oxtgen species on the surface of fresh and reacted argonne premium coal Keleman, S.R.;Kwiatek, P.J.
  23. Limnol. Oceanogr. v.35 Formation of carbonyl compounds from UV induces phtodegradation of humic substances in natural waters-Fate of riverins carbon in the sea Kieber, R.J.;Zhou, X.L.;Mopper, K.
  24. Kinetic theory in the Earth Sciences Lasaga, A.C.
  25. Geochem. Cosmochem. Acta v.37 Effect of weathering on organic matter in shale Leythaeuser, D.
  26. Geochem. Cosmochem. Acta v.55 Determination of molecular structure of kerogens using C-13 NMR spectroscopy. 1. The Effects of variation in kerogen type Mann, A.L.;Patience, R.L.;Poplett, I.J.F.
  27. Fuel v.68 Measurement of the activation energy of the low temperature oxidation of coal using secondary ion mass spectrometry Martin, R.R.;MacPhee, J.A.;Workinton, M.;Lindsay, E.
  28. Nature v.353 Phtochemical degradation of dissolves organic carbon and its impact on the oceanic carbon cycle Mopper, K.;Zhou, X.L.;Kieber, R.J.;Kieber, D.J.;Sikorski, R.J.
  29. Katyoku Genshiryoku Hatsuden v.33 Characters of foreign coal spontaneous combustion 2 Ono, T.;Koyata, K.;Orimoto, M.;Shimizu, T.
  30. Proceedings of Twenty-first international Symposium on Combustion An experimantal study on oxidation rates of coal at low temperature Petarca, L.;Tognotti, L.;Zanelli, S.;Bertozzi, G.
  31. Mineral. magazine v.62A A field study of the chemical weathering of ancient sedimentary organic matter Petsch, S.T.;Berner, R.A.;Eglington, T.I.
  32. Fuel v.72 Natural weatehring and laboratory oxidation of bituminous coals: Organic and inorganic structual chenges Pisupati, S.V.;Scaroni, A.W.
  33. Applies Microbiol. Biotechnol. v.46 Extracellular oxidases and the transformation of solubilized low-rank coal wood-rot fungi Ralph, J.P.;Graham, L.A.;Catcheside, D.E.A.
  34. Industrial and Engineering Chemistry v.32 Atmosperic oxidation of coal at moderate temperatures-Rate of the oxidation reaction for representative coking coals Scmist, L.D.;Elder, J.L.
  35. Environ. Sci. Technol. v.32 Strucutural changes in a dissolved soil humic acid during phtochemical degation processes under O₂and N₂atmosphere Schmidt-Kopplin, P.;Hertkorn, N.;Schulten H.R.;Kettrup, A.
  36. Laboratory determination of factors storages of North Dakoda lignite: Computer simulation of spontaneous heating Sondreal, E.A.;Ellman, R.C.
  37. Fuel v.58 Low temperature oxidation of brown coal. 3. Reaction With molecular oxygen at temperatures close to ambient Swann, P.D.;Evans, D.G.
  38. Environ. Sci. Technol. v.29 Models for association of metal-ions with heterogeneous environmentsl sorbents. 1. Complexation of Co (Ⅱ) by Lenardite humic0acid as a fuction of pH and NaCIO₄concentrarion Westall, J.C.;Jones J.D.;Turner, G.D.;Zachara, J.M.
  39. Energy and Fuel v.2 Low-temperature coal weathering: Its chemical nature and effects on coal properties Wu, M.M.;Robbins, G.A.;Winschel, R.A.;Burke, F.B.