In order to look about the effect and possibility of oriental medical diagnosis and treatment of pancytopenia of myelodysplastic syndrome. For a patient who has pancytopenia. we diagnose him as myelodysplastic syndrome by CBC, LFT, Ultrasonic wave, Vitamin B12 test, Bone marrow test, Folic acid test and doing Herb-medication, Moxa-Tx continually, we observed the change of WBC, RBC. HGB. MCV, Platelet. ESR with following up CBC test ten times Finally, WBC increased by 900, RBC increased by 400000, MCV was reduced by 7fl. HGB increased by 1.3g/dl. Hct increased by 3.2%, ESR was reduced from 127 to 35mm/h. We diagnosed myelodysplastic syndrome as 'CONSUMPTIVE DISEASE' in oreintal medicine. The treatment effect of pancytopenia was achieved by Herb-medication and Moxa-Tx for invigorating qi, enriching the blood, invigorating the spleen and the kidney-yang, Now we need the study of oriental medical treatment for Aplastic Anemia and AML which is similar this.