The Korean Journal of Mycology (한국균학회지)

The Korean Society of Mycology (한국균학회)
권호 표지

Pathological Characteristics of Saprolegnia sp. to Snakehead and Effect of Essential Oils to the Growth of the Water Mold

양식 가물치(Channa argus)에 대한 Saprolegnia sp.의 병리학적 특성과 물곰팡이의 생장을 제어하는 정유의 영향

  • 이근광 (나주대학 환경보호과) ;
  • 김영길 (군산대학교 수족병리학과) ;
  • 이민웅 (동국대학교 응용생물학과) ;
  • 이형환 (건국대학교 이과대학 생물학과)
  • Published : 1999.02.28
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

A Saprolegnia sp. was isolated from cultured snakehead, Channa argus, and its physiological characteristics were investigated. The optimum temperature, pH and NaCl concentration for mycelial growth of Saprolegnia sp. were $25^{\circ}C$, 6.0 and 0%, respectively. The mycelial growth was increased with the addition of 10 mM phosphate and 10mg/L casamino acid. The essential oils extracted from three plants, Artemisia princeps var. orientalis, Thuja orientalis and Chamaecyparis obtusa have been tested to know whether they inhibit the growth of Saprolegnia sp. at six different oil concentrations(10, 100, 500, 1,000, 1,500 and 2,000 ppm). Essential oil from A. princeps var. orientalis began to inhibite the mycelial growth of Saprolegnia sp. at the concentration more than 10ppm. Using other essential oils from T. orientalis and C. obtusa, those initially inhibited the mycelial growth of Saprolegnia sp. at the concentration over 10 ppm and complate inhibition of mycelial growth was observed at over 500 ppm. The histopathological features of Snakehead infected by Saprolegnia sp. were studied. A club shape of gill lamella epithelial cells was observed in the gill. The mycelial cells were penetrated into muscular tissue, and the accumulation of the ceroid was observed in the liver, spleen and kideny tissue in common. The necrosis of tubular epithelial cells was seen in the liver tissue, parenchymal tissue in the spleen and tubular epithelial cells in the kidney.

양식 가물치로부터 Saprolegnia sp.를 분리하고 그들의 일부 생리학적 특성과 제어를 위한 식물 추출물(精油)을 탐색하였다. 분리된 Saprolegnia sp. 영양체 생장 최적 온도는 $25^{\circ}C$이었고, 최적 pH는 6.0이었으며, 최적 NaCl 농도는 0%이었다. 또한 phosphate 10 mM 농도와 casamino acid 10mg/L농도에서 균사의 생장은 잘되었다. Saprolegnia sp.의 제어 정도를 조사하기 위해 쑥, 편백, 측백나무로부터 정유를 분리하여 10, 100, 500, 1,000, 1,500, 2,000ppm에서 처리한 결과 쑥 정유는 처리농도 10 ppm 이상 농도에서부터 억제 양상이 나타나다가 농도가 높아질수록 더 많은 억제양상을 나타냈다. 측백과 편백나무 정유를 처리한 것에서는 10ppm이상 처리 농도에서부터 억제되기 시작하여 그 이상의 처리 농도에서는 상당한 균사 생장 제어 효과를 나타내다가 500 ppm 이상 처리 농도에서는 완전한 제어 효과를 나타냈다. 또한 Saprolegnia sp.에 감염된 가물치의 조직 병리학적인 조사를 실시한 결과 균사가 감염된 근육조직 부분에는 깊은 곳까지 균사가 침투하였고, 아가미의 세포는 곤봉형태를 나타냈으며, 간조직 세포에서는 일부가 괴사되었고 부분적으로 ceroid 물질이 침착되어 있었다. 또한 비장조직 세포에서는 일부 괴사된 세포를 관찰하였고, ceroid 물질의 침착을 볼 수 있었다. 신장조직은 세뇨관의 상피세포에서 일부 괴사를 관찰하였고, 조혈 조직에는 ceroid 물질의 침착상태가 나타났다.

Keywords

References

  1. J. Aqua. Ani. Heal. v.2 Immunological relationship of the fish pathogenic Oomycete S. parasitica to other Oomycetes and unrelated fungi ？Bullis, R.A.;Noga, E.J.;Kevy, M.G.
  2. Mycologia v.65 Inproved pH control of fungal culture media Child, J.J.;Knapp, C.
  3. Bull. Kor. Fish Soc. v.23 no.4 Studies on the antimicrobial activity of grapefruit seed extract Choi, J.D.;Seo, I.W.;Cho, S.H.
  4. Gyoby Kenkyu v.27 no.4 Saprolegnicsis in cultured Coho salmon (O. kisutch) Hatai, K.;Hoshiai, G.
  5. Kor. J. Fish Pathol. v.3 no.2 Ceriodosis of Tilapia, O. niloticus due to the oxidized pellet and the preventive effect of vitamin E and C addition Jo, M.K.;Chun, S.K.
  6. Kor. J. Ecol. v.14 no.2 Allelopathic effects of growth inhibitor from A. orinceps var. orientalis Kil, B.S.;Kim, Y.S.;Yun, K.W.
  7. Kor. J. Fish Pathol. v.7 no.2 Antimicrobial activity of Artemisia princeps var. orientalis essential oil against fish pathogenic bacteria Kim, Y.K.;Rho, B.J.;Lee, K.K.
  8. Allelopathic effects on the plant growth of ground layer in Chamaecyparis obtusa plantation Kwak, S.H.
  9. Kor. J. Fish Pathol. v.6 no.2 The development ceroidosis in cultured ？flounder, P. olivaceus Lee, C.H.
  10. Bull. Kor. Fish Soc. v.23 no.5 The study on the experimental ascite by E. tarda in Snakehead Lee, H.K.;Seong, H.K.;Park, L.H.;Jo, K.R.;Kim, Y.J.
  11. Kor. J. Microbiol. v.30 Pathology of ulcerous disease in cultivated snakehead, Channa argus Lee, H.K.
  12. J. Kumsung Environ. Coll. v.1 Characteristics and pathogenicity of E. tarda L-1 isolated from cultured flounder (P. olivaceus) and effect of control by plant essential oil Lee, H.K.;Kim, H.S.;Lee, J.C.;Lee, M.W.
  13. Kor. J. Fish Pathol. v.3 no.2 Experimental infection with S. diclina type I in Eels (Anguilla japonica) Min, H.K.;Park, N.Y.;Hatai, K.
  14. Kor. J. Fish Pathol. v.4 no.2 Occurence of Saprolegnia diclina associated with fungal gill disease at snake fishes culture farm Min, H.K.;Chun, S.B.;Bai, S.
  15. Jap. J. Fish Pathol. v.29 no.2 Some inhibitory effects of chitosan on fish pathogenic Oomycete, S. parasitica Min, H.K.;Hatai, K.;Bai, S.
  16. Allelopathy: Adaptation on accident? Newman, E.I.
  17. Studies on the physiological and sexual characteristics of Saprolegnia sp. isolate in water Park, D.C.
  18. Allelopathic potential of Thuja orientalis Rho, B.J.
  19. Aquatic phycomycetes Saparrow, F.K.
  20. J. Aqu. Ani. Heal. v.2 Ultrastructure of the hyphae of S. parasitica Xu, D.;Rogers, W.A.;Rushing, A.E.
  21. J. Agric. Chem. Biotech. v.38 no.6 Screening of domestic plants with antibacterial activity Yang, M.S.;Ha, Y.L.;Nam, S.H.;Choi, S.U.;Jang, D.S.
  22. Kor. J. Ecol. v.15 no.1 Antifungal activity of some essential oils against four fungi Yun, K.W.;Dubey, N.K.;Han, D.M.;Kil, B.S.