Effects of Potassium-Cyanoethylstarch (K-CES) and Polyacrylamide (PAM) on Growth of Spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.)

토양내 K-CES와 PAM처리가 시금치의 생육에 미치는 영향

The objective of this study was to observe the effects of potassium-cyanoethylstarch (K-CES), which is a natural polymer derivate,. and polyacrylamide (PAM), which is a synthetic polymer, on the growth of spinach under environment-controlled biotron. K-CES was made from tapioca starch, and introductions of acrylonitrile was confirmed by FT-IR. Water absorbing capacities (WAC) of K-CES and PAM were 37.6 and 47.8 times, respectively. WAC of PAM was slightly higher than K-CES, WAC of PAM m saline solutions were more reduced than those of K-CES. It was introduced that K-CES treatment was more effective than PAM in higher salinity of water and soil. Dry super absorptive polymers were put into solution, and the solution was applied to soil as an soil conditioner. Both amendments, K-CES and PAM, increased the vegetative growth of the spinach when applied at 0.1% of soil weight. In general, the most favorable results for early vegetative growth of the spinach came from the PAM treatment, followed by the K-CES treatment.

타피오카 전분을 이용하여 제조한 흡수성 고분자 K-CES (potassium-cyanoethylstarch)와 합성계 고분자인 PAM (polyacrylamide) 처리가 시금치의 생육에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 타피오카 전분에 아크릴로니트릴을 반응시켜 시아노에틸화 전분을 제조하고, FT-IR 분석으로 니트릴기의 도입을 확인하였다. 제조한 K-CES와 PAM의 증류수에 대한 흡수력은 PAM이 47.8배로 K-CES의 37.6배에 비하여 다소 높았으나, $HNO_3$, $H_3PO_4$, $K_2SO_4$ 1% 용액에서는 PAM의 흡수력이 매우 감소하여 전해질 용액의 농도가 높을수록 K-CES의 흡수력이 클 것으로 생각되었다. PAM과 K-CES처리에 의해 시금치 초기생육의 촉진과 수량이 증가되어 흡수성 고분자 처리가 작물의 증수에 매우 효과적이었다.