Growth Environments of Cypripedium macranthum Sw. Habitats in Korea

복주머니란 (Cypripedium macranthum Sw.)자생지의 생육환경에 관하여

Growth environments of Cypripedium macranthum Sw. habitats distributed in mountains and highland plains of northern part of Kyunggi-do and Kangwon-do in Korea, were studied in order to obtain basic data. Mean temperature in habitats of Cypripedium macranthum was $14^{\circ}C$ and minimum value was recorded $-7^{\circ}C$ in January, and maximum value was $28^{\circ}C$ in August. Mean soil temperature of the orchid sites was $11^{\circ}C$ and minimum value was $-4^{\circ}C$ in January. The light intensity from March to May was 48,000~51,400 lux and the lowest value was 11,500 lux in July. Light intensity in shade habitat sites from July to August was dropped to 470~865 lux, and the SPAD value was 34.3 in July, which was the highest of the year. The range of soil acidity was pH 5.6~5.8 and soil moisture was 16.4%~36.2%. The highest soil moisture was 36.2% on June. The Cypripedium habitats were correlated with temperature (especially high temperature), light intensit, and soil moisture. However, critical factor seems to be soil moisture in distribution of Cypripedium macranthum in Korea.

경기도 북부 및 강원도 산악지대에 많이 분포되어 있는 복주머니란의 자생지 생육 환경을 파악하여 재배화를 위한 기초자료로 활용하고자 본 실험을 실시하였다. 복주머니의 자생지의 연평균기온은 $14^{\circ}C$이며, 기온이 가장 낮은 시기는 1월로써 $-7^{\circ}C$었으며, 8월에는 $28^{\circ}C$였다. 자생지의 연평균 저온은 $10.9^{\circ}C$이였으며, 1월에 최저 $-4^{\circ}C$를 나타내었다. 양지에서의 광도는 3월과 5월 사이에 48,000 lux~51,433 lux였으며, 7월에 11,500 lux로 가장 낮았다. 한편 음지에서는 7월과 8월에 광도가 급격히 떨어져 470~865 lux범위로 매우 낮았고, SPAD값은 7월에 34.3으로서 년중 가장 높았다. 자생지 토양 산도는 pH 5.6~5.8 범위이며, 토양수분은 16.4 %~36.2%이었고, 6월에 36.2%로 가장 높았다.