Binding Site of Heavy Metals in the Cell of Heavy Metal-Tolerant Microorganisms

중금속 내성균의 세포내 중금속 결합 위치

  • Cho, Ju-Sik (Dept. of Agricultural Chemistry, Sunchon National University) ;
  • Lee, Hong-Jae (Dept. of Agricultural Chemistry, Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Lee, Young-Han (Dept. of Agricultural Chemistry, Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Sohn, Bo-Kyoon (Dept. of Agricultural Chemistry, Sunchon National University) ;
  • Jung, Yeun-Kyu (Dept. of Agricultural Chemistry, Sunchon National University) ;
  • Heo, Jong-Soo (Dept. of Agricultural Chemistry, Gyeongsang National University)
  • Published : 1998.09.30

Abstract

Heavy metal-tolerant microorganisms, such as Pseudomonas putida, P. aeruginosa, P. chlororaphis and P. stutzeri which possessed the ability to accumulate cadmium, lead, zinc and copper, respectively, were isolated from industrial wastewaters and mine wastewaters polluted with various heavy metals. The binding sites of heavy metal in the cells were investigated by chemical modification of functional groups the cell walls. To determine the binding sites of heavy metal in the cells, electrochemical charge of amine and carboxyl groups in the cell walls of heavy metal-tolerant microorganisms were chemically modified. Chemical modifications of amine groups did not affect the heavy metal uptake as compared to native cell walls. In contrast, modifications of carboxyl groups drastically decreased heavy metal uptake as compared to native cell walls, and electron microscopy confirmed that the form and structure of the heavy metal uptake were different from those of native cell walls. The results suggested that the carboxyl groups were the major sites of heavy metal uptake in the heavy metal-tolerant microorganism cell.

광산폐수, 산업폐수등으로 부터 Cd, Pb, Zn 및 Cu 등의 중금속에 강한 내성을 지니고 있을 뿐만 아니라 균체내 중금속 축적능력이 우수한 중금속 내성 미생물 균주 Pseudomonas putida, P. aeruginosa, P. chlororaphis 및 P. stutzeri를 각각 분리하여, 화학적인 방법으로 세포내 functional group들의 전하를 인위적으로 변형시켜 변형시키기 전과의 중금속 결합능력을 비교 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다. 화학적인 방법으로 functional group의 charge를 변형시킨 cell wall들에 의한 중금속 축적변화를 조사한 결과, cell wall중 amine group을 변형시켰을 경우에는 중금속 축적율이 변형시키지 않은 cell wall에 비하여 약간 증가되었거나 거의 비슷한 축적율을 나타내었으나, carboxyl group을 변형시켰을 경우에는 매우 크게 감소되었다. 이와같은 결과는 functional group을 변형시킨 cell wall의 외형적인 중금속 축적형태를 전자현미경으로 관찰하였을 경우에도 명확하게 나타났으며, 따라서, carboxyl기는 중요한 중금속 binding site인 것으로 판단되었다.

Keywords