The Analysis of Vegetation-Environment Relationships of the Coniferous Forests in Subalpine Districts of Mt. Chiri by TWINSPAN and CCA

TWINSPAN 및 CCA에 의한 지리산(智異山) 아고산대(亞高山帶) 침엽수림군집(針葉樹林群集)과 환경(環境)의 상관관계(相關關係) 분석(分析)

This study was carried out to identify the analysis of vegetation-environment relationships of the coniferous forests in subalpine districts of Mt. Chiri by two-way indicaton species analysis(TWINSPAN) and CCA. The results are summarized as follows; The subalpine coniferous forest in Mt. Chin was classified Abies koreana community group by the TWINSPAN method. The Abies koreana community group was classified Abies koreana-Pinus densiflora, Abies koreana-Quercus mongolicd and Abies koreana-Picea jezoensis. The Abies koreana-Quercus mongolica community classified into two subcommunities, typical and Pinus koraiensis subcommunity. The Abies koreana-Picea jezoensis community classified into three subcommunities such as typical, Taxus cuspidate and Cornus controversa subcommunity. The subalpine conifers commnities in Mt. Chiri could be classified into six vegetation units, which consisted of three vegetation communities and five subcommunities. The relationship between vegetation community and influencing environmental factors was analyzed by using the CCA ordination method. It was found that altitude, concentrations of $Ca^{++}$ and $Mg^{++}$ in soil were, major environmental variables, which influence the distribution of vegetation community in the first axis, and $Ca^{++}$ and altitude in the second axis. In the relations of communities and environmental factors by CCA, the optimal ecological habitats of Abies koreana-Pinus densiflora community could be located at low elevations, in which $Ca^{++}$ and $Mg^{++}$ are rich. Abies koreana-Quercus mongolica community prefers the sites in mid-elevation zone, in which $Ca^{++}$ and $Mg^{++}$ are medium level in soil. The optimum site for Abies koreana-Pinus koraiensis community and Abies koreana-Taxus cuspidata community could be high elevations in which $Ca^{++}$ and $Mg^{++}$ are poor. Abies koreana-Cornus controversa community is found in the site at low elevations where $Ca^{++}$ and $Mg^{++}$ are medium.

TWINSPAN 및 CCA에 의한 지리산(智異山) 아고산대(亞高山帶) 침엽수림(針葉樹林)의 군집(群集)과 환경(環境)과의 상관관계(相關關係)를 구명(究明)하기 위하여 분석(分析)하였던 바 그 결과(結果)를 용약(要約)하면 다음과 같다. TWINSPAN에 의한 지리산(智異山) 아고산대(亞高山帶) 침엽수림(針葉樹林)은 구상나무군락군(群落群)으로 구상나무-소나무군락(群落), 구상나무-신갈나무군락(群落), 구상나무-가문비나무군락(群落)으로 구성(構成)되었고, 구상나무-신갈나무군락(群落)은 전형하위군락(典型下位群落)과 잣나무하위군락(下位群落)으로, 구상나무-가분비나무군락(群落)은 전형하위군락(典型下位群落), 주목하위군락(下位群落), 층층나무하위군락(下位群落)으로 분류(分類)되어 3개 군락(群落), 5개 하위군락(下位群落)을 갖는 6개의 식생단위(植生單位)로 구분(區分)되었다. CCA에 의한 군락(群落)과 환경요인(環境要因)과의 관계(關係)를 보면 1축(軸)에서는 해발고(海拔高), Ca, Mg 등이, 2축(軸)에서는 Ca, 해발고(海拔高) 등과 높은 상관관계(相關關係)를 나타내고 있었다. 구상나무-소나무군락(群落)은 해발고(海拔高) 가 낮고, Ca, Mg 등의 양료(養料)가 많은 지역(地城)에 주로 분포(分布)하였고, 구상나무-신갈나무군락(群落)은 해발고(海拔高)가 중간(中間)이고, Ca, Mg 등의 양료(養料)가 보통인 지역에 주로 분포(分布)하였다. 구상나무-잣나무군락(群落)과 구상나무-주목군락(群落)은 해발고(海拔高)가 높고, Ca, Mg 등의 양료(養料)가 적은 지역에 분포하였으며, 구상나무-층층나무군락은 해발고가 낮고, Ca, Mg 등의 양료가 보통인 지역에 주로 분포(分布)하였다.