Antitumor Activities by lmmunological Function of Chitin, Chitosan and Their Oligosaccharides

키틴 ${\cdot}$키토산 및 그 올리고당의 면역작용에 의한 항종양 활성

  • Published : 1997.06.01

Abstract

Chitin, a linked polysaccharide composed of 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-$\beta$-D-glucopytanose residues, is distributed widely in nature. It has been utilized on various application field due to the development of chitin derivatives such as chitosan, partial deacetylated chitin, carboxylmethyl chitin, sulfated chitin, and so on. Chitin and chitosan have been recently interested in antitumor and antimicrobial activities, because of a powerful tumor inhibitory effect against experimental mouse tumors. Especially, the oligosaccharides obtained by partial degradation of them exhibited a remarkable antitumor effect against sarcoma 180, MM 48 and Meth Asolid tumors and antimetastatic effect against Lewis lung carcinoma in mice. This review describes on antitumor effects of chitin, chitosan and their oligosaccharides by their mechanism of action involving enhancement of immunological system.

Keywords

References

  1. 別フ-ドテミカル-Ⅰ. キテン·キトサンの科學 キテン·キトサンオリゴ糖の開發と現狀 坂田和男
  2. 日刊フ-ドケミカル no.2 キチン·キトサンの抗菌性 內田泰
  3. Exp. Mycol. v.8 Characterization of the smallest chitosan oligomer that is maximally antifungal to Fusarium solani and elictis pisatin formation in pisum sativum Kendra, D. F.;hadwiger, L. A.
  4. Appl. Environ, Microbiol. v.53 Effects of chitin and its soluble derivatives on survival of Vibrio cholerae 01 at low temperature Amako, K.;Shimodori, S.;Imoto, T.;Miyake, S.;Umeda, A.
  5. Nippon Nogeikagaku Kaishi. v.70 Bactericidal effects of chitosan from squid pens on oral streptococci Shimojoh, M.;Masakim, K.;Kurita, K.;Fukoshima, K.
  6. Vaccine v.4 Stimulaton of cytokine production in mice using deacetylated chitin Nishimura, K.;Ishihara, C.;Ukei, S.;Tokura, S.;Azuman, I.
  7. Vaccine v.13 Adjuvant activity of chitin derivatives in mice and guinea pigs Nishimura, K.;Nishimura, S.;Nishi, N.;Numata, F.;Tone, Y.;Tokura, S.Azuma, I.
  8. Vaccine v.2 immunological activity of chitin and its derivatives Nishimura, K.;Nishimura, S.;Nishi, N.;Tokura, S.;Azuma, I.
  9. Carbohydr. Res. v.151 Antitumor effect of hexa-N-acetylchitohexaose and chitohexaose Suzuki, K.;Mikami, T.;Okawa, Y.;Tokoro, A.;Suzuki, S.;Suzuki, M.
  10. Chem. Pharm. Bull. v.36 Growth-inhibitory effect of hexa-N-acetylchitohexaose and chitohexaose against Meth-A solid tumor Tokoro, A.;Tatewaki, N.;Suzuki, K.;Mikami, T.;Suzui, S.;Suzuki, M.
  11. Microbiol. Immunol. v.33 Protective effect of N-acetylchito-hexaose on Listeria monocytogens in fection in mice Tokoro, A.;Kobayashi, M.;Tatewaki, N.;Suzuki, S.;Suzuki, M.;
  12. In Advances in chitin and chitosan (Ed. Brine, C. J., Sandford, P. A., Zikakis, J. P.) Hypocholesterolemic activity of partially hydrolyzed chitosan in rats, Suano, M.;Yshida, K.;Hashimoto, H.;Enomoto, K.;Hirano, S.
  13. no.2
  14. Biosci. Biotech. Biochem. v.57 hypocholesterolemic effect of chitosan in adult males Maezaki, Y.;Tsuji, K.;Nakagawa, Y.;kawai, Y.;Akimoto, M.;Tsugita, T.;Takekawa, W.;Terada, A.;Hara, H.;Mitsuoka, T.;
  15. no.2
  16. v.2
  17. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA v.73 Modulation of the immune response by a synthetic adjuvant and analogues Chedid, L.;Audibert, F.;Lefrancirer, P.;Choay, J.;Lederer, E.
  18. J. Pharm. Dyn. v.6 Antitumor activity of acidic mannan fraction from bakers' yeast Hashimoto, K.;Okawa, Y.;Okura, Y.;Suzuki, K.;Suzuki, S.;Suzuki, M.
  19. Immunother. and Viral Diseases v.5 Immunopharmacologic modificationof experimental viral disease by glucan Williams, D. L.;Diluzio, N. R.
  20. v.15
  21. Jpn. J. Cancer Res. v.81 Antimetastatic and growth-inhibitory effects of N-acetylchitohe-zaoxe in mice bearing Lewis lung carcinoma Tsukada, K.;Matsumoto, T.;Aizawa, K.;Tokoro, A.;Naruse, R.;Suzuki, S.;Suzuki, M.
  22. Microbiol. Immunol. v.31 Candidacidal effect of peritoneal exudate cells in mice admistered with chitin and chitosan Suzuki, K.;okawa, Y.;Suzuki, S.;Suzuki, M.
  23. Chem. Pharm. Bull. v.33 Enhancing effects of N-acetyl-chito-oli-gosaccharides on the active oxgen-generation and microbicidal activities of peritoneal exudate cells in mice Suzuki, K.;Tokoro, A.;Okawa, Y.;Suzuki, S.;Suzuki, M.
  24. v.62
  25. J. Biol. Response. Modif. v.3 Effect of D-glucosamine on human natural killer activity in vitro Matheson, D. S.;Green, B. J.;Friedman, S. J.
  26. Vaccine v.5 Stimulation of non-specific host resistance against Sendai virus and Escherichia coli infections by chitin derivatives in mice Iida, J.;Une, T.;Ishihara, C.;Nishimura, K.;Tokura, S.;Mizukoshi, N.;Azuma, I.
  27. Vaccine v.5 Effect of multiporous microspheres derived from chitin and partially deacety-lated chitin on the activation of mouse peritoneal macrophages Nishimura, K.;Nishimura, S.;Seo, H.;Nishi, N.;Tokura, S.;Azuma, I.
  28. Lab. Invest. v.49 Tumor invasion and the extracellular matrix Liotta, L. A.;rao, C. V.;Barshk, S. H.
  29. Scinence v.220 Heparan sulfate degradation Nakajima, M.;Irimura, T.;Ferrante, D. Di;Ferrante, N. Di;Nicolson, G. L.
  30. J. Biol. Chem. v.59 Metastatic melanoma cell heparanase Nakajima, M.;Irimura T.;Ferrante, N. Di;Nicolson, G. L.;
  31. Biochemistry v.26 Contribution of 3-O- and 6-O-su-lfated glucosamine residues in the heparin induced conformational change in antithrombin Ⅲ Atha, D. H.;Lormeau, J.;Petitou, M.;Rosenberg, R. D.;Choay, J.
  32. Nature v.297 Protamine is an inhibitor of angiogenesis Taylor, S.;Folkman, J.
  33. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. v.82 Heparin affinity of anionic and cationic capillary endothelial cell growth factors Klagsbrun, M.;Shing, Y.
  34. Cell. Immunol. v.82 Inhibition of delayed-type hypersensitivity by heparin depleted of anticoagulant activity Sy, M. S.;Schneerberger, E.;McCluskey, R.;Greene, M. I.;Rosenberg, R. D.;Benacerraf, B.;
  35. Gann Monogr. Cancer Res. v.20 Inhibitory mechanism of blood-bo-rne pulmonary metastasis b sulfated polysacchari-des Tsubura, E.;Yamashita, Y.;Kobayashi, M.;higuchi, Y.;Isobe, J.
  36. Biochemistry v.25 Chemically modified happarin as inhibitors of heparan sulfate specific endo-β-glucuronidase(heparanase) of metastati melanoma cells Irimura, T.;nakajima, M.;Nicolson, G. L.
  37. Jpn. J. Cancer Res. v.80 Inhibitory effect of chintin heparinoids on the lung metastasis of B16-BL6 melanoma Murata, J.;Saiki, I.;Nishimura, S.;Nishi, N.;Tokura, S.;Azuma, I.
  38. Cancer Res. v.50 Inhibition by sulfated chitin derivatives of invasion through extracellular matrix and enzymatic degradation by metastatic melanoma cells Saiki, I.;Murata, J.;Nakajima, M.;Tokura, S.;Azuma, I.