Korean Journal of Microbiology (미생물학회지)

The Microbiological Society of Korea (한국미생물학회)
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자연 생태계에서 형질 전환에 의한 세균들 간의 유전 물질의 전이

  • ;
  • Stotzky, G.
  • 이건형 (군산대학교 자연과학대학 생물학과) ;
  • Published : 1997.09.01
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Abstract

형질전환은 가장 먼저 연구된 유전물질 전이 기작으로(3,29,36), 자연적 형질 전환과 인위적 형질 전환으로 구별할 수 있다. 자연적 형질 전환은 세균에게서만 일어나며, 이때 수여체 세균은 적정 조건, 즉, 형질 전환 능력이 있는 생리적 상태(competene)가 되면 능동적으로 세포의 DNA를 받아들여 그들 유전 정보에 합치게 된다. 하지만 재조합 DNA 기술이 발달된 이후로 인위적 형질 전환이 원핵세포와 진핵세포에서 사용되었다(48). 자연적 형질 전환은 DNase와의 반응이 민감하다는 점에서 접합과 형질 도입과 구별된다. 형질 전화에 의한 유전자 전이가 세포으 DNA에 의해서 일어나는 한 DNase가 공격할 수 있고, DNA는 분해되어 형질 전환이 방해될 수 있다. 하지만, 형질 도입되는 DNA는 파지의 단백질막(capsid)에 보호되어 세포외로 절대 노출되지 않아 DNase에 의해서 영향을 받지 않고, 접합에서도 DNA는 세포와 세포의 접촉에 의해서 전이되어 공여체에서 수여체로 DNA가 전이될 때 역시 DNase에 노출되지 않고 일어날 수 있다.

Keywords

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