The Effects of Sampling Flow Rate on the Concentrations of Dry Acid Deposition Components

산성 건성침적물 샘플링에 따른 유량변수가 그 대기중 농도측정에 미치는 영향

  • Published : 1997.04.01

Abstract

One of the most critical problems associated with filter-pack data comparisons from various field networks is the use of different sampling flow rates. In this field study, the effects of various filter-pack(FP) sampling conditions were examined. Experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of varying sampling flow rates (1.5 to 10 sLpm) on measured concentrations of dry acid deposition species. Collocated FP samples were also collected to determine sampling and analysis data reproducibility. Ambient air samples were collected simultaneously for the seven day durations at varous flow rate. The chemical species measured were sulfur dioxide ($SO_2$), particulate sulfate(P-$SO_{4}^{2+}$), nitric acid ($HNO_3$), and particulate nitrate (P-$NO_{3}^{-}$). The results indicated that the collocated samples can be measured reproducibly and that sampling bias for the species measured is not significant. It was concluded that variations in the flow rates (1.5 to 10 sLpm) did not significantly affect the concentration of the species of interest. Although the results were not significantly different between different flow rates, artifacts were more likely to occur at high flow conditions (>5 sLpm) (e.g., via volatilization of particulate nitrates) than at low flow conditions(<5 sLpm).

산성 건성침적은 산성비침적만큼 생태계에 중요한 영향을 미친다고 사료된다. 여러 실측소로부터 필터팩 데이터를 비교하는 과정에서 발생되는 가장 중요한 문제들 가운데 하나는 서로 다른 샘플채취 유량의 사용에 있다고 본다. 본 연구에서는 다양한 시료채취 조건이 비교되었는 바, 시료채취 유량의 변화(1.5 $\sim$ 10sLpm)가 건성침적물의 농도측정에 어떠한 영향을 주는 지를 평가하기 위해 밀도 있는 연구가 이루어졌다. 샘플링과 분석의 재현성을 결정하기 위해 한 쌍의 필터팩시료가 동시에 채취되었다. 대기중 시료들은 또한 다양한 유량변화 조건하에서 일주일동안 동시에 채취되었는 데, 그 시료 물질들은 아황산 가스, 질산 가스, 질산염 및 황산염 분진물질들이었다. 동시 측정된 한 쌍의 필퍼팩 시료는 재현성이 있는 것으로 나타났고 언제나 거의 유사한 대기농도 값을 나타내어 주었다. 결론적으로 대기중 산성 건성침적물들의 채취를 위한 유량변화는 그 물질들의 농도측정에 거의 영향을 주지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나, 상대적으로 낮은 유량 (<5 sLpm)과 높은 유량만 (>5 sLpm)을 비교하였을 때에는, 높은 유량의 경우에 오차의 도입소지가 높다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 또한, 필터물질 자체만을 고려해 볼 때, 시료 유입량의 증가에 따라 나일론 필터에 흡착된 아황산가스의 양은 상당히 감소되는 것으로 나타났다.

Keywords

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