A Study on the Existence, Marketing Behavior and Function of Urban Weekly Markets in Taegu City

도시 요일장의 형성과 이용 및 기능에 관한 연구

The purpose of this study is to identify the existence, personal characteristics and behavior of market-participants, and function of urban weekly markets in Taegu City through observation, interview and questionnaire survey. There are four weekly periodic markets such as Seongso(Monday), Chilgok(Wednesday), Siji(Thursday), and Chilgok(Friday) which have recently developed near the new apartment areas on the outskirts of Taegu. The major findings of this study can be summarized as follows: These markets originated from the agricultural cooperative's Friday markets, but were substantially established by mobile traders or merchants for the sake of their livelihood. Therefore, the existence of these markets is not explained by Stine's central place perspective but partially explained by Hay's economic locational and Bromley's socio-cultural perspective. Most traders are male, aged 30 to 40 years and have an educational level higher than high school. Most of them are living in Taegu and itinerantly visit more than two markets among the four markets by small truck. And most of them sell agricultural products and other food materials, except some who sell manufactured goods. Most consumers are housewives, aged 20 to 30 years and have an educational level higher than high school. Most of them are living within 1,000m and go there on foot. Most of them visit the markets around 3 to 5 p.m. on every market day. And they mostly buy vegetables, fruits, and fishes. Weekly markets provide employment opportunities for those who want to be merchants, and also contribute to the increase of farmers' income, because some traders(18.8%) are farmers who periodically visit markets to sell agricultural products. On the other hand, they function as a general food materials markets to neighboring residents. From these facts, both traders and consumers want weekly markets sustained. Therefore, these markets need to be protected by institutional assistance in spite of being informal markets.

본 논문은 최근에 대도시에 출현한 새로운 정기시장인 도사 요일장의 형성원인, 시장이용자(상인과 소비자)의 속성과 이용행태, 그리고 시장의 기능 등을 밝히기 위하여, 대구시에 개설되고 있는 4곳의 요일장(성서월요장, 칠곡수요장, 시지목요장, 칠곡금요장)을 대상으로 양적이고 질적인 분석을 하였다. 대구의 도시 요일장은 칠곡농협의 금요장에서 본래 기원하였으나, 그것이 본격적으로 형성되고 다른 장소로 확산 발전된 것은 생계를 목적으로 소자본으로 장사하려는 상인(이동상인)들이 중합시장이 없는 신개발 아파트 주거지역에 요즘의 생활리듬(1주일 주기)에 맞는 정기시장을 개설하려고 노력하였기 때문인 것으로 해석된다. 요일장음 이용하는 상인과 소비자의 계속성과 이용행태를 분석 논의하고, 이를 기초로 요일장의 시장기능을 파악해 본 결과, 요일장은 수직적 교환기능이 강하고, 상업기회와 영세민에게 생계유지기능을 제공하며, 농민의 소득중대에 기여하고 있을 뿐만 아니라, 인근주민(소비자)들에게 종합식품 시장으로서 중요한 기능도 수행하고 있는 것으로 밝혀졌다.