Journal of the Korean Chemical Society (대한화학회지)

Korean Chemical Society (대한화학회)
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Molecular Area and Interfacial Tension Behavior of High Efficiency Cosurfactants

보조계면활성제의 계면에서의 분자면적과 계면장력 거동

  • Kim, Chunhee (Department of Home Economics Education, Hannam University)
  • 김천희 (한남대학교 사범대학 가정교육과)
  • Published : 19960100
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Abstract

Gibbs' adsorption isotherms are studied to assay the structural effects of ethylene oxide (EO) and propylene oxide (PO) moieties on the molecular area and the interfacial tension behavior of molecules at the interface. Several industrial alcohols and isomerically pure alcohols, which have a general stucture of C4H9O(EO)m(PO)nH, are examined for their cosurfactant properties. They are high molecular weight alcohols and more surface active than the cosurfactants usually used. Results show that the number and the sequence of EO and PO units significantly affect the molecular areas and the interfacial tension (IFT) behavior of these molecules at the water/oil interface. The following conclusions are drawn from the result: 1) PO is more efficient in lowering the IFT and less effective in adsorption than EO. 2) For molecules having the same molecular weight but different structures, smaller molecules are more efficient in lowering the IFT. 3) When more EO, PO, or both units are added to the same hydrophobe, the molecule become bigger and more efficient in lowering the IFT.

Gibbs' adsorption isotherms을 이용하여, 계면에서 보조계면활성제 분자의 분자 면적과 계면장력거동에 미치는 ethylene oxide(EO)와 propylene oxide(PO)의 영향을 조사하였다. 일반식 $C_4H_9O(EO)m(PO)_nH$를 갖는 alcohol들의 보조계면활성제로서의 특성을 연구하였는데, 이 alcohol들은 일반적으로 사용되는 보조계면활성제에 비해서 분자량이 크며 계면활성 또한 큰 특성을 갖고있다. EO와PO의 몰수와 이들이 첨가된 상대적 순서는 물/기름 계면에서 alcohol 분자의 분자면적과 계면장력 특성에 큰 영향을 미치는 것을 알 수 있었으며, 다음의 결론을 얻었다. 1) PO는 EO에 비해서 계면흡착 효율은 낮으나, 계면장력 저하 능력은 더 크다. 2) 분자량은 같으나 구조가 다른 분자들, 즉 EO와PO의 첨가 순서만 다른 분자들의 경우는, 계면흡착 효율이 큰 (계면에서의 분자면적이 작은) 분자들이 계면장력 저하 능력이 더 크다. 3) 동일한 친유기에 EO나 PO가 많이 첨가될수록, 분자들의 계면에서의 분자면적은 커지나 계면장력 저하능력도 커진다.

Keywords

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