A Nonlinear Programming Formulation for the Topological Structural Optimization

구조체의 위상학적 최적화를 위한 비선형 프로그래밍

  • Published : 1996.09.01

Abstract

The focus of this study is on the problem of the design of structure of undetermined topology. This problem has been regarded as being the most challenging of structural optimization problems, because of the difficulty of allowing topology to change. Conventional approaches break down when element sizes approach to zero, due to stiffness matrix singularity. In this study, a novel nonlinear programming formulation of the topology problem is presented. Its main feature is the ability to account for topology variation through zero element sizes. Stiffness matrix singularity is avoided by embedding the equilibrium equations as equality constraints in the optimization problem. Although the formulation is general, two dimensional plane elasticity examples are presented. The design problem is to find minimum weight of a plane structure of fixed geometry but variable topology, subject to constraints on stress and displacement. Variables are thicknesses of finite elements, and are permitted to assume zero sizes. The examples demonstrate that the formulation is effective for finding at least a locally minimal weight.

구조물에 있어서 위상학적 최적화 문제는 최적화를 구하는 과정에서 구조체가 변화함으로 인한 어려움 때문에 최적화 분야에서 가장 어려운 문제로 간주되어 왔다. 종래의 방법으로는 일반적으로 구조요소 사이즈가 영으로 접근할 때 강성 매트릭스의 singularity를 발생시킴으로써 최적의 해를 얻지 못하고 도중에 계산이 종료되어 버린다. 본 연구에 있어서는 이러한 문제점들을 해결하기 위한 비선형 프로그래밍 formulation을 제안하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 이 formulation의 주된 특성은 요소 사이즈가 영이 되는 것을 허용한다. 평형방정식을 등제약조건으로 간주함으로써 강성 매트릭스의 singularity를 피할 수 있다. 이 formulation을 하중을 받는 구조물에 있어서 응력과 변위의 제약조건하에서 중량을 최소화할때의 유한요소의 두께를 구하는 디자인 문제에 적용하여, 이 formulation이 위상학적 최적화에 있어서의 효과를 입증하였다.

Keywords

References

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