Hydraulic Characteristics and Upstream Migration of Fish by the Weir Type in a Pool-Weir Fishway

階段式魚道에서 隔壁 形狀에 따른 水理學的 特性 및 魚類의 上流移動

  • 김진홍 (광주대학교 공과대학 토목공학과)
  • Published : 1996.12.01

Abstract

This study deals with hydraulic characteristics and their effects on upstream migration of fish by the weir type in a pool-weir fishway, and presents an optimal type of weir for an easy upstream migration. Experiment was performed to estimate hydraulic conditions by the weir type and to determine which type was good. The results showed that a rectangular weir with a small rectangular notch installed by a zig-zag type was preferable to a simple weir with no notch or to a trapezoidal weir, since it makes possible for upstream migration even when a water level draws down and moreover, it makes falling flow through a notch which facilitates upstream migration. It was proposed that the notch must be designed that the flow situation may keep the streaming flow so long as the maximum flow velocity does not exceed the critical swiming velocity, i.e., the dimensionless flow rate may exist whthin the range of 0.27 and 0.41.

본 연구에서는 계단식어도의 격벽 형상에 따른 수리학적 특성과 어류의 상류이동에 미치는 효과를 다루고 있으며, 상류이동이 용이하도록 격벽의 적정 형태를 제시하는 것으로 하였다. 격벽 형상에 따른 수리학적 특성을 조사하고 적정 형태를 결정하기 위해 수리실험을 실시하였다. 실험결과 zig-zag 형태로 설치된 작은 notch를 가진 직사각형 격벽이 notch가 없는 단순 직사각형 격벽이나 사다리꼴 형태의 격벽보다 좋은 것이며이 밝혀졌는데, 이는 수위 저하시에도 어류의 상류이동이 가능하고 더우기 상류이동을 용이하게 하는 notch를 통한 낙하 흐름을 형성하기 때문인 것으로 판단되었다. Notch는 월류 최대유속이 어류의 유영한계유속을 넘지 않는 범위 내에서 표면류를 지속하도록, 즉 무차원유량 값이 0.27과 0.41 범위 내에 들도록 설계하는 것이 바람직한 것으로 나타났다.

Keywords

References

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