Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology (한국식품과학회지)

Korean Society of Food Science and Technology (한국식품과학회)
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Changes of Chemical Composition and Microflora in Bottled Vacuum Packed Kimchi during Storage at Different Temperature

진공처리 병포장 김치의 저장조건별 성분과 미생물 변화

  • Shin, Dong-Hwa (Department of Food Science and Technology, Chonbuk National University) ;
  • Kim, Moon-Sook (Department of Food Science and Technology, Chonbuk National University) ;
  • Han, Ji-Sook (Department of Food Science and Technology, Chonbuk National University) ;
  • Lim, Dae-Kwan (Department of Food Science and Technology, Chonbuk National University) ;
  • Park, Jun-Myeong (Dabo Corporation)
  • Published : 1996.02.28
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Abstract

Mak-kimchi (shredded kimchi) which was prepared in a commercial factory was packed in bottle (200 g) under vacuum (560 mmHg) or atmosphere, and chemical characteristics and microbiological parameters were monitored during storage at 5, 15 and $25^{\circ}C$, respectively. Optimum ripening time of the kimchi at different temperature were 2 days at $25^{\circ}C$, 5 days at $15^{\circ}C$ and more than 60 days at $5^{\circ}C$. By vacuum treatment pH and acidity changes in kimchi were considerably retarded. The vacuum of each bottle released within 1 or 2 days at 25 or $15^{\circ}C$, respectively but the pack at $5^{\circ}C$ maintained more than 380 mmHg vacuum for 36 days and then the vacuum slowly released. The colour of kimchi (lightness, redness, yellowness) in bottle increased sharply at $25^{\circ}C$ and $15^{\circ}C$ but sustained a stable level with vacuum treatment at $5^{\circ}C$. The range of total viable count of kimchi in bottle was $10^7{\sim}10^{10}/ml$. The number decreased by storage temperature drop to $5^{\circ}C$ and even more vacuum treatment than atmosphere treatment at $5^{\circ}C$. Lactobacillus brevis, L. plantarum, L. acidophilus, Aerococcus viridans and Streptococcus faecium subsp. casseliflavus were identified in bottled kimchi and L. brevis and L. plantarum contributed to the main function during kimchi fermentation. Those main lactic acid bacteria decreased in numbers at $5^{\circ}C$ than 25 or $15^{\circ}C$ and even more declined in case of vacuum treatment.

김치 공장에서 제조한 막김치를 원료로 하여 병용기에 200 g씩 충진하고, 진공 혹은 상압밀봉하여 5, 15, $25^{\circ}C$에 저장하면서 각각의 화학적 특징 변화와 미생물 변화를 관찰하였다. 김치의 적숙기는 $25^{\circ}C$에서 2일, $15^{\circ}C$에서 5일, $5^{\circ}C$에서 60일 이상이었다. 진공 처리한 경우 김치의 pH와 산도변화는 상압처리에 비하여 비교적 지연되었다. 진공밀봉 병조림 김치의 진공도는 $25^{\circ}C$ 및 $15^{\circ}C$ 발효에서는 1-2일 내에 상압으로 되었으나, $5^{\circ}C$ 발효의 경우 36일까지 380 mmHg 이상의 진공도를 유지할 수 있었다. 병조림 김치의 색깔은 $25^{\circ}C$, $15^{\circ}C$에서 밝기, 적색도, 황색도가 계속 상승하였으나, $5^{\circ}C$ 저장시 진공처리에 의해 색깔변화가 억제되는 효과가 있었다. 병조림 김치발효중 총균수는 $10^7{\sim}10^{10}/ml$정도이었으며 $5^{\circ}C$로 저장온도가 떨어질수록 총균수는 감소하였고, $5^{\circ}C$ 발효에서도 진공처리구의 총균수는 상압보다 낮았다. 병조림 김치에서 동정된 젖산균은 Lactobacillus brevis, L. plantarum, L. acidophilus, Aerococcus viridans, Streptococcus faecium subsp. casseliflavus이었고, 김치발효에 주로 관여하는 균은 L. brevis와 L. plantarum이었다. 이들 김치발효에 주로 관여하는 균은 $25^{\circ}C$와 $15^{\circ}C$보다 $5^{\circ}C$에서 균수가 낮아졌고, 진공처리에 의해 더욱 낮아졌다.

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