표층해류 신속예측을 위한 회선적분법의 적용

Application of a Convolution Method for the Fast Prediction of Wind-Induced Surface Current in the Yellow Sea and the East China Sea

본 논문에서는 실시간 해황예보 시스템 개발의 일환으로 수행된 회선적분법을 이용한 신속 표층유속 재현에 대하여 다룬다. 바람응력은 공간적으로 균일하고 대 기압은 무시된다. Data Base 구축을 위하여 4방향의 바람(북서, 북동, 남서, 남동)을 고려하여 각 지점의 회선적분의 가중치를 Galerkin-FEM 모형에 의해 계산하였다. 시간에 따른 바람응력이 주어지면 구성된 Data Base를 이용하여 회선적분법에 의해 신속한 예보가 가능하다. 시간적으로 변하는 임의의 바람응력은 6시간 단위로 정의되는 wind pulse의 연속으로 표현되며 총 12개의 pulse(즉, 72시간전)가 convolution product에 사용된다. 회선적분법의 적용 가능성을 확인하기 위하여 황해 이상화한 해역과 황해와 동지나해에 이르는 실제 해역에서의 수치실험이 수행되었다. 고려한 바람응력은 역풍류 생성 확인을 위하여 시간에 따라 sin 함수적으로 변하는 북풍을 고려하였고, 실험 결과 역풍류 생성의 화인과 회선적분법을 이용한 신속 표층해류 예측 가능성을 확인할 수 있었다.

In this Paper, the Performance of the convolution method has been investigated as an effort to develop a simple system of predicting wind-driven surface current on a real time basis. In this approach wind stress is assumed to be spatially uniform and the effect of atmospheric pressure is neglected. The discrete convolution weights are determined in advance at each point using a linear three-dimensional Galerkin model with linear shape functions(Galerkin-FEM model). Four directions of wind stress(e.g. NE, SW, NW, SE) with unit magnitude are imposed in the model calculation for the construction of data base for convolution weights. Given the time history of wind stress, it is then possible to predict with-driven currents promptly using the convolution product of finite length. An unsteady wind stress of arbitrary form can be approximated by a series of wind pulses with magnitude of 6 hour averaged value. A total of 12 pulses are involved in the convolution product To examine the accuracy of the convolution method a series of numerical experiments has been carried out in the idealized basin representing the scale of the Yellow Sea and the East China Sea. The wind stress imposed varies sinusoidally in time. It was found that the predicted surface currents and elevation fields were in good agreement with the results computed by the direct integration of the Galerkin model. A model with grid 1/8$^{\circ}$ in latitude, l/6$^{\circ}$ in longitude was established which covers the entire region of the Yellow Sea and the East China Sea. The numerical prediction in terms of the convolution product has been carried out with particular attention on the formation of upwind flow in the middle of the Yellow Sea by northerly wind.