Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture (한국환경농학회지)
- Volume 13 Issue 3
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- Pages.373-385
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- 1994
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- 1225-3537(pISSN)
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- 2233-4173(eISSN)
Mode of Resistance and/or Tolerance Action of Paraquat
Paraquat 저항성(抵抗性) 및 내성(耐性) 발현(發現) 기구(機構)
- Ma, Sang-Yong (College of Agriculture, Jeonbuk National University) ;
- Chun, Jae-Chul (College of Agriculture, Jeonbuk National University)
- Published : 1994.12.30
Abstract
Resistance to paraquat (1,1'-dimethyl-4,4'-bipyridilium ion) has developed in 12 species of 8 genera to which paraquat has been applied 6 to 10 times per year for 5 or more years. In recent years, tolerance to paraquat has been found in Rehmannia glutinosa (Gaertn.) Liboch. ex Fisch. & Mey. which has never been applied with any herbicides involving paraquat. In this review, we differentiate the terms, resistance and tolerance, on the basis of the paraquat-exposure history. Five hypotheses have been evaluated in several species as potential mechanisms of paraquat resistance and/or tolerance. In a species, the mode of action may be due to 1) reduced quantities of paraquat absorbed through the leaf surface, 2) detoxification of paraquat caused by the enhanced paraquat-metabolic activity, 3) rapid sequestration reducing level of paraquat at the site of action in chloroplast, 4) alteration of site of action in photosystem I resulting in interruption of electron transport to paraquat, and 5) rapid enzymatic detoxification of superoxide and other toxic forms of oxygen.
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