On the Restrictions of BMO

Since John and Nirenberg introduced the BMO in early 1960 [JN], it has been one of the most significant function spaces. The significance of BMO lies in the fact that BMO is a limiting space of $L^p (p \longrightarrow \infty)$, or a proper substitute of $L^\infty$. A dual statement of this would be that the Hardy space $H^1$ is a proper substitute of $L^1$.