AN INCIDENCE SURVEY OF BATTERED CHILD IN THE TWO ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS OF SEOUL - A FOLLOW-UP STUDY IN 5 YEARS -

아동 구타의 발생율 조사

The author compared the follow-up study in 1991 with the previous study conducted in 1986 as same method and sample population selected from same schools as the previous study. Twenty classes of 3rd and 4th grade of two elementary schools in Seoul were selected as sample population. One of the two schools was located in the area of lower social class, and the other in the area of higher social class. The total sample was 1.142 in 1986 and 1,048 in 1991. According to the severity and the frequency of being battered among the sampled ones during the last one year. three groups were purposefully identified : The unbattered the intermediate and the seriously battered. The seriously battered was defined as the severity of battering more serious than N degree owing to Straus' Conflict Resolution Technique Scale with the frequency of 12 or more episodes for one year. The rest of being battered were classified into the intermediate group. Surprisingly the incidence rate of the seriously battered, was increased about 3 times more than previous study. Except incidence rate, the results were same or similar as previous one. The experience of being battered was more serious as previous study in the lower social strata, under the poor living and housing condition, in the broken family such as step parents or absence of parents and with the parent of unemployed. Also the child battering was evaluated to be closely related to all the other forms of family violence. And psychosomatic. psychological and behavioral manifestations were markedly serious in the seriously battered group. The drastic increase of incidence rate of battered child should be analyzed in various aspects : one of them might be derived from the improvement of social recognition and understanding toward the battered child.

1986년 선행조사에서와 같은 학년 학생을 조사대상으로 하여 동일한 내용의 설문지를 동일한 조사방법을 통해 1991년에 재조사하여 아동구타 발생율의 변화를 살펴보고, 선행연구에서 얻어졌던 결과들과 후속연구결과를 비교해 보았다. 그 결과를 요약해 보면 다음과 같다. 1) 5년 전에 비해 매맞는 아동의 수가 상당히 증가된 것으로 나타났다($66.2%{\rightarrow}96.4%$), 2) 5년 전에 비해 심하게 구타당한 아동의 수, 즉 아동구타율은 거의 3배 정도 증가된 것으로 나왔다. 3) $가정{\cdot}사회{\cdot}$환경요인의 특징은 거의 대부분 5년 전의 결과와 동일하거나 유사하였다. 4) 구타양상이나 구타아동의 정신증상 및 신체증상 역시 5년 전의 결과와 동일했다.