Influence of Dichlorprop and MCPB on the Reduced Effect of Fruit Drop and Fruit Quality before and after Storage in Apples

생장조정제(生長調整劑) Dichlorprop 및 MCPB 처리(處理)가 사과의 후기낙과(後期落果) 경감효과(輕減效果) 및 저장후기(貯藏後期) 과실(果實)의 품질(品質)에 미치는 영향(影響)

  • Lee, H.S. (Agricultural Chemicals Research Institute, RDA) ;
  • Kang, C.K. (Agricultural Chemicals Research Institute, RDA) ;
  • Ryu, G.H. (Agricultural Chemicals Research Institute, RDA) ;
  • Park, Y.S. (Agricultural Chemicals Research Institute, RDA) ;
  • Jung, J.H. (Yesan Agricultural Junior College)
  • Published : 1987.06.30

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of plant growth regulators, dichlorprop and MCPB on the reduced effect of fruit drop and fruit quality before and after storage in apples. Dichlorprop was tested with dilution of 1000 at 30, 40, 50 days before harvesting, and MCPB with dilution of 4000 at 15, 25, 35 days before harvesting. The results are summarized as follows : Percentage of fruit drop was appeared to the notable reduction as compared with the untreated control when regulators was applied with dilution of 1000 at 30 days before harvesting by dichlorprop and with dilution of 4000 at 35 days before harvesting by MCPB. Degree of fruit colour showed to the remarkable promotion at all the treatment of 30, 40, 50 days before harvesting by dichlorprop as compared with the untreated control. Sugar contents in flesh was increased a little at the treatment of 30 days before harvesting by dichlorprop, but acid contents in flesh was reduced at all the treatment of 30, 40, 50 days before harvesting by dichloroprop and at 15, 25, 35 days before harvesting by MCPB. Passed firmness of fruit after storage was maintained at the treatment with dilution of 4000 at 35 days before harvesting. Therefore, it was repressed a softening of fruit, but by dichlorprop treatment at 30, 40, 50 days before harvesting, fruit firmmess was appeared to reduce according to the passage of storage period. Amount of ethylene evolution after storage was showed to reduce at all the treatment by early treated time of dichoroprop and MCPB, but carbon dioxide increased at treatment conditions such as the front. Accordingly, these relationship showed to be contrary each other.

본(本) 시험(試驗)은 사과의 생육후기(生育後期) 낙과(落果) 방지제(防止劑)인 Dichlorprop 등(等) 3약제(藥劑)를 수확전(收穫前) 처리시기(處理時期) 및 농도별(濃度別)로 처리(處理)하여 생리적(生理的)인 사과의 후기(後期) 낙과(落果)를 방지(防止)하므로서 수량(收量) 감소(減少) 등(等) 생산량(生産量)의 저하(低下)를 경감(輕減)하고자 Dichlorprop 액제(液劑) (수확전(收穫前) 30, 40, 50 일(日), 1000 배(倍)) MCPB 유제(乳劑)((수확전((收穫前) 15, 25, 35일(日), 4000배(倍)), PCPA 액제(液劑)(수확전(收穫前) 30, 40, 50 일(日), 300배(倍))를 처리(處理)하여 다음과 같은 결과(結果)를 얻었다. 1. 낙과율(落果率)에서는 Dichlorprop를 수확전(收穫前) 30, 40, 50일(日)에 1000배(倍)로 처리(處理)할 경우(境遇) 각각(各各) 12.0%, 12.7%, 12.9% 순위(順位)로 가장 낮았으며 MCPB플 수확전(收穫前) 35일(日)에 처리시(處理時)에는 16.3%로 무처리(無處理)의 42.0% 보다 월등(越等)이 감소(減少)되었다. 2. 과중분포(果重分布)에서는 MCPB 처리시(處理時) 처리시기(處理時期)에 관계(關係)없이 과중(果重)이 다소(多少) 작아지는 경향(傾向) 있으나 Dichlorprop를 수확전(收穫前) 30일(日)에 처리(處理)할 경우(境遇) 중대과수(中大果數)가 많아지고 과중(果重)도 다소(多少) 증가(增加)되는 효과(效果)를 보였다. 3. 과실(果實)의 착색정도(着色程度)에서는 Dichlorprop를 수확전(收穫前) 30, 40, 50일(日)에 처리(處理)할 경우(境遇) 7~8로서 무처리(無處理)의 2정도(程度)에 비(比)하여 볼때 착색촉진(着色促進) 효과(效果)가 뚜렸하였으며 MCPB에서도 다소(多少) 착색촉진(着色促進) 효과(效果)가 있었다. 4. 과육내부(果肉內部)의 당분함량(糖分含量)에서는 Dichlorprop를 수확전(收穫前) 30일(日)에 처리시(處理時)만이 다소(多少) 증당(增糖) 효과(效果)가 있으며 산함량(酸含量)에서는 Dichlorprop를 수확전(收穫前) 30, 40, 50일(日) 처리(處理)와 MCPB를 수확전(收穫前) 15, 25, 35일(日)에 처리(處理)하므로서 감산(減酸) 효과(效果)를 인정(認定)할 수 있었다. 5. 수확후(收穫後) 저장과실(貯藏果實)에 대(對)한 경시적(經時的) 경도(硬度)에서는 MCPB를 수확전(收穫前) 35일(日)에 처리(處理)할 경우(境遇) 무처리(無處理)에 비(比)하여 과실(果實)의 경도(硬度)를 상대적(相對的)으로 지속(持續) 시켰으나 Dichlorprop에서는 어느 처리(處理)에서도 저장기간(貯藏期間)이 길어질수록 과실(果實)의 연화(軟化)를 촉진(促進)시켰다. 6. 수확후(收穫後) 저장과실(貯藏果實)의 $C_2H_4$$CO_2$ 발생량(發生量)을 보면 MCPB 등(等) Auxi계(系) 약제(藥劑) 모두 처리시기(處理時期)가 빠를수록 $C_2H_4$ 발생량(發生量)은 저하(低下)되었으나 $CO_2$발생량(發生量)은 상대적(相對的)으로 증가(增加)되는 경향(傾向)을 보였다.

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