Abstract
The object of this stduy was to investigate the pollution of Pb in paddy field soil with different distance from roadside and to find out the relationship between the ratio of chemical fractions of total Pb and soil characteristics. Lead from automobiles is exhausted as particulates composed primarily of halide compounds (PbBrCl, $PbBr_2$, $PbCl_2$). The samples of soil were collected directly from the paddy fields with different distance from the roadside of highway and expressway which are located in Kyungpook province. A sequential extraction procedure was used to fractionate Pb in paddy field soil into the disignated forms of water soluable, exchangeable, organically bounded, carbonate, sulfide, and residual Pb. Results obtained are summerized as follows. 1. The content of Pb in paddy field soil was the highest in Chungdo, 30.0 ppm, the lowest in Koryung, 14.8 ppm, and the total average content was 21.9 ppm. The effect of traffic volume was not clear, but a slight difference according to the order of opened year of roads was showed. 2. The effect of distance from roadside was not clear. The content of Pb in paddy field soil with different distance from roadside was 22.2 ppm within l0m, 22.1 ppm in 10∼30m, 22.2 ppm in 30∼50m. and 21.3 ppm beyond 50m. 3. The distribution of Pb fractions in soil showed a wide difference depending on soil properties. The average content of exchangeable. organically bounded, carbonate, sulfide, and residual Pb was 8.6%, 33.6%, 29.8%, 21.5%, and 6.7%, of total Pb in the soil, respectively. 4. The content of organically bounded Pb in soil showed highly positive correlation with organic matter and CEC, while the content of exchangeable Pb was highly negative correlation. 5. With higher soil organic matter and CEC, organically bounded Pb fraction tend to be higher but exchangeable Pb fraction tend to be lower. Other forms of Pb showed no difference with soil organic matter contend and CEC. The distribution of Pb fraction related to CEC showed similiar tendency with that of organic matter content.
자동차(自動車) 배기(排氣)가수에 포함(包含)된 연화합물(鉛化合物)의 배출(排出)에 의하여 오염(汚染)이 되었을 것으로 예상(豫想)되는 대구직할시(大邱直轄市)를 중심(中心)으로 경상북도(慶尙北道) 내(內)의 고속도로(高速道路) 및 주요국도변(主要國道邊)에 인접(隣接)한 18개(個) 지점(地點)을 선정(選定)하여 도로(道路)로부터 거리(距離)에 따른 답토양(畓土壤)에서 연오염도(鉛汚染度) 및 토양중(土壤中) 연화합물(鉛化合物)을 $KNO_3$침출성(浸出性)(치환태(置換態)), $Na_4P_2O_7$ 침출성(浸出性)(유기태(有機態)), EDTA 침출성(浸出性)(탄산태(炭酸態)) $NHO_3$ 침출성(浸出性)(황산태(黃酸態)), 비침출성(非浸出性)(부용태(不溶態))로 형태별(形態別) 분포(分布)를 조사(調査)한 결과(結果)는 다음과 같다. 1. 답토양중(畓土壤中) 평균(平均) 연함량(鉛含量)은 청도(淸道)에서 30.0 ppm으로 가장 높았고 고령(高靈)에서 14.8 ppm으로 가장 낮았으며 평균(平均) 21.9 ppm 으로 나타났으며, 교통량(交通量)과 관련(關聯)하여 토양중(土壤中) 연함량(鉛含量)은 차이(差異)를 발견(發見)할 수 없었으나 도로(道路)의 개통년도(開通年度)에 따라 약간의 차이(差異)를 나타났다. 2. 도로(道路)로부터의 거리(距離)에 따른 연함량(鉛含量)은 10m 이내(以內)에서 22.2 ppm, 10∼30m에서 22.1 ppm, 30∼50m에서 22.2 ppm, 50m 이상(以上) 지역(地域)에서 21.3 ppm으로 도로(道路)로부터 거리(距離)에 따른 답토양중(畓土壤中)의 연오염도(鉛汚染度)는 크게 차이(差異) 나지 않았다. 3. 토양중(土壤中) 연화합물(鉛化合物)을 형태별(形態別)로 분별(分別) 추출(抽出)한 결과(結果) 여러 가지 토양특성(土壤特性)에 따라 차이(差異)가 심(深)하나 18개(個) 지점(地點)에서 평균(平均)한 연화합물(鉛化合物)의 화학적(化學的) 형태별(形態別) 분포비(分布比)는 유기태(有機態) 33.6%, 탄산태(炭酸態) 29.8%, 황산태(黃酸態) 21.5%, 치환태(置換態) 8.6% 및 부용태(不溶態) 6.7%의 순(順)으로 나타났다. 4. 토양중(土壤中) 유기물함량(有機物含量)이 증가(增加)할수록 유기태(有機態) 연(鉛)의 분포비(分布比)는 증가(增加)하는 경향(傾向)을 나타낸 반면 치환태(置換態) 연(鉛)의 분포비(分布比)는 감소(減少)하는 경향(傾向)을 나타내었다. 5. CEC가 증가(增加)할수록 유기태(有機態)의 연(鉛)의 분포비(分布比)는 증가(增加)하는 경향(傾向)을 나타낸 반면 치환태(置換態) 연의(鉛) 분포비(分布比)는 감소(減少)하는 경향(傾向)을 나타내었으며, CEC에 의(依)한 토양중(土壤中) 연화합물(鉛化合物)의 화학적(化學的) 형태별(形態別) 분포비(分布比)는 유기물(有機物)에 의(依)한 분포비(分布比)와 비슷한 경향(傾向)을 나타내었다.
(Department of Agricultural Chenistry, College of Agriculture, Kyung-pook National University)