Moisture Sorption and Cooking Properties of Soybeans

콩의 흡습 및 조리성질

Moisture sorption and cooking properties of two varieties of Korean soybean(Jangyup and Whangkeum) were studied. When soybean was stored under the various relative humidities (RH) of 33-86% at 16'E for 125hours, its sorption behaviors were divided into two : desorption at the RHs of 33 and 44% and adsorption at the RHs of above 55%. The sorption rate was decreased rapidly during storage. In comparisons with only storage humidities, the sample stored at higher RH held the higher sorption rate. The relationships between storage time and sorption rate were applied well to the equation, log dw/dt= b log t+ log a, where w is the moisture content(%, db), t is time(hour) and a and b are the parameters which were calculated from the experimental data. The calculated moisture contents from the equation agreed well with the measured moisture contents. On the other hand, the cooking degrees of soybean which was steamed in an autoclave at $106-121^{\circ}C$ were compared by the maximum cutting forces. The cooking time to attain the same degree of cooking decreased logarithmically as the cooking temperature increased. The z-values which were calculated from the time-temperature combinations that gave the same degree of cooking for Jangyup and Whangkeum were $13.3^{\circ}C$ and $12.8^{\circ}C$ respectively.

우리나라 장려콩 2품종(장엽과 황금)을 대상으로 흡습 및 조리성질을 조사하였다. 시료콩을 상대습도 $33{\sim}86%$, 온도 $16^{\circ}C$에서 125시간 저장할 때 상대습도 33%와 44%에서는 탈습, 그 이상의 저장습도에서는 흡습현상을 보여주었다. 흡습속도는 저장시간에 따라 크게 감소하였으며, 그 절대값은 저장습도가 높을수록 컸었다. 저장시간과 흡습속도와의 관계는 흡습속도식 $log\frac{dw}{dt}=b\;logt+loga$(여기에서 w는 수분함량, t는 시간, b와 a는 상수)에 잘 적용되었으며, 식에서 구한 수분함량과 실측치는 일치 하였다. 한편 $106{\sim}121^{\circ}C$의 온도에서 증자후 최대절단력으로 조리도를 비교한 결과 증자온도의 상승에 따라 일정한 조리도에 도달하는 시간은 대수적으로 감소하였다. 일정한 조리도를 나타내는 온도-시간과의 관계로부터 구한 z-값은 장엽콩이 $13.3^{\circ}C$, 황금콩이 $12.8^{\circ}C$이었다.