Changes in Flavor of Chungkookjang During Fermentation

청국장 숙성중의 향기성분 변화

  • Choi, Sung-Hee (Department of Food and Nutrition Dongeui University) ;
  • Ji, Young-Ae (Department of Food Science and Technology Kyungsung University)
  • Published : 1989.04.01

Abstract

Cooked soybeans were fermented with B. subtilis and B. natto for 48 hrs and 74 hrs. The odor concentrates of during these Chungkookjang fermentation were obtained with a simultaneous distillation and extraction system. The seperation and identification were carried out by GC and GC-MS. The main components of the cooked odor concentrate of soybeans were 3-methyl-1-butanol, 1-pentanol and 1-octen-3-ol etc.. In Chungkookjang (B. subtilis inoculation), 3-methyl-1-butanol, 1-pentanol and 1-octen-3-ol remained but alkyl pyrazines such as 2,5-dimethyl pyrazine, trimethyl pyrazine and tetramethyl pyrazine increased and those increased during the fermentation. In Chungkookjang(B. natto inoculation), 3-methyl-1-butanol, 1-pentanol and 1-octen-3-ol, main components of cooked soybeans decreased and alkyl pyrazines increased, especially, tetramethyl pyrazine remarkably increased during fermentation. From the result, it seems that alkyl pyrazines caused the characteristic odor of Chungkookjang and mask the beany odor.

균주에 따른 청국장 발효중의 향기성분을 규명하기 위해 증자대두에 Bacillus subtilis 와 Bacillus natto균을 각각 접종시켜 청국장을 만들어 연속 증류 추출장치를 사용하여 향기성분을 추출 농축하고 GC와 GC-MS를 이용하여 향기물질을 분석 동정하였다. 그 결과 증자대두의 중요한 성분으로 3-methyl-1-butanol, 2-methylpropanoic acid 및 1-octen-3-ol 등이 밝혀졌고, B. subtilis균을 접종한 청국장은 숙성중에 이들 화합물들이 대체로 남아 있었으나, trimethylpyrazine, tetramethylpyrazine 등 7종류의 alkylpyrazine류가 현저히 증가하였다. B. natto균을 접종한 청국장은 증자대두의 중요한 성분들은 대체로 감소하고 alkylpyrazine 류 특히 tetramethylpyrazine 류는 숙성중에 현저히 증가하였다. 이상의 결과로부터 alkylpyrazine 류는 대두 냄새를 masking 하고 청국장의 향기에 크게 기여함을 알았다. 또 이들 향기성분들의 함량차는 두 가지 균을 접종한 청국장이 각각 다른 향기를 내는 요인이 되는 것 같다.

Keywords