제초제(除草劑) BIALAPHOS에 대(對)한 연초(煙草)의 내성(耐性) 증대(增大)

Development of Herbicide(BIALAPHOS) Tolerant Tobacco through Tissue Culture

제초제(除草劑) bialaphos 처리(處理)에서 살아남은 개체(個體)로부터 다시 bialaphos가 처리(處理)된 배지(培地)에서 callus의 유도(誘導), 생장(生長) 및 direct shooting, ammonia 함량(含量) 등(等)으로 내성(耐性)을 재검정(再檢定)하여 얻어진 약간의 결과(結果)를 요약(要約)하면 다음과 같다. 1. Bialaphos가 0.5~0.75 ppm의 저농도(低濃度)로 처리(處理)된 배지(培地)에서 생장(生長)한 callus로부터 분화(分化)된 식물체(植物體) 수(數)는 품종(品種)에 관계없이 분화(分化)가 잘 되었으나 1.0 ppm 처리구(處理區)에서 계대배양(繼代培養)된 것 가운데서는 KA 101만이 분화(分化)되었다. 2. 분화식물체(分化植物體) 가운데 bialaphos에 내성(耐性)인 개체(個體)를 재선발(再選拔)하기 위해 bialaphos 100.0 ppm 처리구(處理區)에 치상시(置床時) 모두 고사(枯死)하였으며 bialaphos 10.0 ppm 처리구(處理區)에서는 NC82 품종(品種) 2.43%. KA 101 2.76%. BY4 0.78%가 살아남아 품종간(品種間)에 다소 차이(差異)가 있었다. 3. Bialaphos 10.0 및 100.0 ppm의 처리구(處理區)에서 고사(枯死)한 shoot에 함유(含有)된 ammonia 함량(含量)은 무처리구(無處理區)보다 약 15배(倍) 정도(程度) 높아 shoot 의 고사원인(枯死原因)이 ammonia 축적(蓄積)에 의한 것임을 입증(立證)할 수 있었다. 4. NC 82 품종(品種)의 TP 1 (내성식물체(耐性植物體) 개체(個體)가 비선발개체(非選拔個體)보다 bialaphos가 2.5 ppm 첨가(添加)된 callus 증식배지(增殖培地)에서 callus 증식률(增殖率)이 2.14배(倍)나 높았고, bialaphos가 10.0 ppm 첨가(添加)된 shoot 분화배지(分化培地)에서는 샤레당(當) 11 개체(個體)의 shoot를 분화(分化)시켜 다른 개체(個體)보다 내성(耐性)이 컸다.

This study was conducted to level up the tolerance of tobacco plant against bialaphos herbicide through tissue culture. The relatively good shoot regeneration from the subcultured calli treated with bialaphos at 0.5 ppm was observed in old the tobacco varieties tested such as NC 82, BY 4 and KA 101. However, at the treatment of bialaphos 1.0 ppm, shoot regeneration was only made in KA 101 variety, showing better regeneration than that of untreated one, When these shoots were transfered to the medium containing of bialaphos 10.0 ppm, the percentage of living shoots (i.e. tolerant plant) was very low, showing 2.43% in NC 82, 2.76% in KA 101 and 0.78% BY 4. Calli were induced and multiplied from leaf petiole of the above tolerant plants even under 2.5ppm of bialaphos, showing an average of 9% in NC 82 and 16% in KA 101 as compared with the untreated control. No calli were induced from tolerant plants as bialaphos concentration increased up to 5.0 ppm. Direct shooting from leaves of the above tolerant plants, that is selected at 10.0ppm of bialaphos treatment, was observed even under 10.0ppm of bialaphos treatment both in NC 82 and in KA 101 varieties, indicating that tolerance of tobacco plants against bialaphos can be greatly increased.