쇠비름(Portulaca oleracea L.)에 함유(含有)된 생리활성물질(生理活性物質) 탐색(探索)

Identification of Physiologically Active Compounds from Purslane(Portulaca oleracea L.)

밭 및 비농경지(非農耕地)의 우점잡초(優占雜草)인 쇠비름에 함유(含有)되어 있는 생이활성물질(生理活性物質)의 탐색(探索)을 통(通)하여 얻어진 몇가지의 결과(結果)를 요약(要約)하면 다음과 같다. 쇠비름을 건조(乾燥)한 시료(試料)로부터 추출(抽出)한 수용(水溶) 및 methanol 추출액(抽出液)은 상치, 무우 및 비름 등(等)의 식물종자(植物種子) 발아(發芽)를 크게 억제(抑制)시켰다. 쇠비름에 함유(含有)된 phenol 화합물(化合物)은 주(主)로 umbeliferon, p-coumaric, salicylic, vanillic, p-hydroxybenzoic, tannic, gallic산(酸) 등(等)이었다. 쇠비름의 건체(乾體), 생체(生體), 종자(種子) 및 callus 상태(狀態) 시료(試料)에 함유(含有)된 phenol 화합물(化合物)을 비교(比較)하면 건체시료(乾體試料)에서는 gallic산(産) 생체시료(生體試料)에서는 salicylic, vanillic산(酸), 종자시료(種子試料)에서는 ferulic산(酸), callus에서는 p-hydroxybenzoic, p-chlorobenzoic, cinamic산(酸) 등(等)이 많이 함유(含有)되어 있어 시료간(試料間)에 차이(差異)가 있었다. 지방산(脂肪酸)은 건체(乾體), 생체(生體) 및 종자시료(種子試料)에 linolenic산(酸)이 각각(各各) 9.203, 14.186, 1.732 mg/g으로 많이 함유(含有)되어 있었고 callus에는 palmitic산(酸)이 1.601 mg/g으로 많았다. 그리고 유기산(有機酸) 가운데는 oxalic산(酸)이 건체(乾體), 생체(生體) 및 callus 시료(試料)에서, citric산(酸)은 callus 시료(試料)에서 많았다.

This experiment was conducted to determine the presence of allelopathic substance in Portulaca oleracea L. Water and methanol extract from P. oleracea markedly inhibited the germination of lettuce, rice, raddish etc., indicating the presence of biological substances. The biochemical substances such as ferulic, p-coumaric, salicylic, vanillic, p-hydroxybenzoic acid etc., belonging to phenolic compounds were detected in a large amount, which may be responsible for exhibiting inhibitory effects. Various phenolic compounds were detected from different samples such as freshly, dried plants, seeds and callus. The highest amount of tannic and gallic acids were detected in dried samples of P. oleracea, the highest grantity of salicylic and vanillic acids in fresh samples, the largest amount of ferulic acid in seed sample, the highest amount of p-hydroxybenzoic and p-chlorobenzoic acids in callus. Linolenic acid was presented in amount of 9.203 mg/g in dried plant of P. oleracea as one of the major fatty acids and oxalic acid presented 27.941 mg/g as one of the major organic acids. These compounds seemed to be related to inhibitory effect of P. oleracea which needs further study.