Abstract
The effect of polyethylene film(P.E.) mulching on the degradation of alachlor(N-methoxymethyl-2, 6-diethyl ${\alpha}-chloroacetoanilide$), pendimethalin(3, 4-dimethyl-2, 6-dinitro-N-l-ethylpropylanilide) and diphenamid(N,N-dimethyl-2, 2-diphenylacetamide) in red pepper, peanut, and sesame fields was investigated. In soils under the non-mulching condition the half-lives of alachlor, pendimethalin and diphenamid were 3, 37 and $24{\sim}46$ days, respectively. However, the half-lives of those under the P.E. mulching condition were longer than under the non-mulching condition. The differences in the half-lives between P.E. mulching and non-mulching conditions were about 30 days for pendimethalin and from 20 to 90 days for diphenamid. However, the half-life of alachlor was hardly affected by P.E. mulching. Pendimethalin and alachlor were not detected in the harvasted red peppers, peanuts and sesame under P.E. mulching and non-mulching conditions. But, the residue of diphenamid in peanuts was 0. 147 ppm under the P.E. mulching condition and 0.071 ppm under the non-mulching condition, and the residue of diphenamid in sesame was 0.022 ppm under the P.E. mulching condition and 0.129 ppm under the non-mulching condition. The amounts, however, were below the tolerance limits for pesticide residue.
폴리에틸렌필름(P.E)멀칭이 제초제(除草劑) alachlor, pendimethalin, diphenamid의 토양(土壤) 및 수확물중(收穫物中)의 잔류성(殘留性)에 미치는 영향(影響)에 대(對)하여 고추, 땅콩, 참깨포장(圃場)에서 로지조건(露地條件)을 대조(對照)로 하여 조사(調査)하였다. 토양중(土壤中)에 있어서 3종제초제(種除草劑)의 로지조건(露地條件)에서의 반감기(半減期)는 alachlor의 경우 땅콩과 참깨포장(圃場)에서 $3{\sim}4$ 일(日), pendimethalin은 고추포장(圃場)에서 30일(日), diphenamid는 고추, 땅콩, 참깨포장(圃場)에서 $24{\sim}46$ 일정도(日程度)였다. 분해(分解)가 빨랐던 alachlor의 반감기(半減期)는 로지조건(露地條件)과 P.E.피복조건(被覆條件)에서 거의 차(差)가 없었다. 분해(分解)가 느렸던 pendimethalin과 diphenamid는 로지조건(露地條件)에서보다 P.E.피복조건(被覆條件)에서 각각(各各) 30일(日)과 $20{\sim}90$ 일간(日間) 더 길었다. P.E.피복(被覆)의 유무(有無)에 관계(關係)없이 pendimethalin은 최종적(最終的)으로 수확(收穫)된 고추에서 검출(檢出)되지 않았으며 alachlor도 땅콩과 참깨에서 검출(檢出)되지 않았다. diphenamid의 땅콩중(中) 잔류량(殘留量)은 0.147ppm(투명(透明) P.E. 피복조건(被覆條件))${\sim}0.071ppm$(로지조건(露地條件))이었고, 참깨중(中) 잔류량(殘留量)은 0.022ppm(투명(透明) P.E. 피복조건(被覆條件))${\sim}0.129ppm$(로지조건(露地條件))이었는 바, 이는 양조건(兩條件)에서 잔류허용량(殘留許容量)(0.2ppm) 이하(以下)였다.