Study on the Growth and the Yield of Ecotype of Garlics in Main Producing Districts in Korea

주산단지(主産團地) 마늘의 생태형(生態型)에 따른 생장(生長)과 수량(收量)에 관(關)한 연구(硏究)

The major objectives of this study were to find out the growth and yield of two ecotypes of Korean garlic in main garlic producing districts in Korea. The data were collected by the field survey which had been conducted at 270 township in 58 major garlic production countries throughout the country on 10th, 20th, and 30th day of every month from 1982 to 1984. The results of this study were as follow: 1) Sowing period of garlic of southern and northern ecotype were around September 20 and October 20, respectively. 2) Average number of plants per $3.3m^2$ of the southern and northern ecotype were 123 and 100, respectively. 3) Leaf emergence time of southern ecotype was before the beginning of winter (November) and that of northern ecotype was from early February till April. 4) Stepwise multiple regression analysis showed that the plant heights measured on November 30 for southern ecotype and on June 30 for northern ecotype most adequately predicted the yield of garlic. The relationship between yield and plant height were as follows: Southern ecotype; Y=571.56+5.34X Northern ecotype; Y=251.81+5.45X where Y is yield expressed in Kg/l0a and X is height in cm at the respective date. 5) The number of leaves increased until harvest in both ecotypes. At harvest, the number of leaves in southern and northern ecotype were 10 and 8, respectively. Number of leaves counted on January 20 for southern ecotype and on June 20 for northern ecotype correlated best with the yield of the ecotypes. 6) The highest senescent portion of southern ecotype and northern ecotype were seen on January 30 and May 30, respectively. Stepwise multiple regression analysis showed that the senescent portion of southern ecotype counted on January 30 and that of northern ecotype on June 20 mostly affected the yield. 7) Average yield of southern and northern ecotype at the main garlic producing districts were 771 and 652Kg/10a, respectively.

우리나가 58개(個) 마늘 주산단지에서 생태형(生態型)에 따른 생육(生育)과 수량(收量)에 대(對)하여 1982∼1984년 까지 3년(年)동안 조사연구(調査硏究)한 바 다음과 같은 결과(結果)를 얻었다. 1. 난지형(暖地型)의 파종기(播種期)는 9 월(月) 20 일(日) 전후(前後)였고 한지형(寒地型)은 10 월(月) 20 일(日) 전후(前後)였다. 2. 평당재식주수(坪當栽植株數)는 난지형(暖地型)이 평당(坪當) 100주한지형(株寒地型)이 123주(株)였다. 3. 우리나라 마늘의 출엽기(出葉期)는 난지형(暖地型)은 월동전(越冬前), 그리고 한지형(寒地型)은 2월초순(月初旬) 이후인데 내륙지방(內陸地方)일수록 늦었다. 4. Multiple regression분석(分析)에 따르면 수량(收量)에 미치는 초장(草長)의 영향(影響)을 한지형(寒地型)은 6 월(月) 30 일(日), 난지형(暖地型)은 11 월(月) 30 일(日)의 초장이 수량(收量)에 가장 큰 영향(影響)을 미쳤다. 마늘의 초장(草長)과 수량(收量)과의 관계식(關係式)은 다음과 같다. 난지형수량(暖地型收量) : Y=571.6+8.34X(X=11 월(月) 30 일(日) 초장(草長)) 한지형수량(寒地型收量)Y=251.8+5.45X(X=6 월(月) 30 일(日) 초장(草長)) 5. 엽수(葉數)는 수확기(收穫期)까지 증가했으며, 수확시 난지형은 약 10매, 한지형은 8매였다. 수량(收量)과 엽수(葉數)와의 관계를 보면 한지형(寒地型)은 6 월(月) 20 일(日)경, 그리고 난지형(暖地型)은 1 월(月) 20 일(日)의 엽수(葉數)가 수량(收量)과 밀접한 관계가 있었다. 6. 고엽율(枯葉率)은 난지형(暖地型)에서는 1 월(月) 30 일(日)과 5 월(月) 30 일(日)에 높았고, 한지형(寒地型)은 6 월(月)에 높았다. Multiple regression에 의해 고엽율(枯葉率)과 수량(收量)과의 관계(關係)를 보면 난지형(暖地型)은 1 월(月)의 고엽율(枯葉率)의 영향(影響)이 그리고 한지형(寒地型)은 6 월(月) 수확(收穫)에 큰 영향(影響)을 줬다. 7. 우리나라 주산단지(主産團地)의 10a 당(當) 수량(收量)은 난지형(暖地型)이 771㎏, 그리고 한지형(寒地型)은 652㎏이다.