Effects of Simulated Acid Rain on Growth and Physiological Characteristics of Ginkgo biloba L. Seedlings and on Chemical Properties of the Tested Soil -II. Leaf Surface Area, Visible Leaf Injury, Leaf Chlorophyll Content and Photosynthetic Ability of the Leaf Tissue

인공산성우(人工酸性雨)가 은행(銀杏)나무(Ginkgo biloba L.) 유묘(幼苗)의 생장(生長), 생리적(生理的) 특성(特性) 및 토양(土壤)의 화학적(化學的) 성질(性質)에 미치는 영향(影響) -II. 엽면적(葉面積), 가시적(可視的) 엽피해(葉被害), 엽록소함량(葉綠素含量) 및 엽조직(葉組織)의 광합성능(光合成能)

  • Received : 1987.08.11
  • Published : 1987.09.30

Abstract

Half-sib seedlings of Ginkgo biloba (one-year-old) were treated with various simulated acid rains(pH2.0, pH3.0, pH4.0 and pH5.0) to examine the effects of acid rain on leaf surface area, leaf injury, leaf chlorophyll content and photosynthetic ability of the leaf tissue. The seedlings were grown in a pot($4500cm^3$) containing one of three different soils(nurseryy soil, mixed soil and sandy soil). Simulated acid rain was made by diluting sulfuric and nitric acid solution($H_2SO_4:HNO_3=3:1$, V/V) with tap water and tap water(pH6.4), and treated by 5mm each time for three minutes during the growing seasons(April to October 1985). Acid rain treatments were done three times per week to potted seedlings by spraying the solutions. The results obtained in this study were as follows : 1. Leaf surface area per seedling at pH2.0 level was the lowest among the levels of pH, but those at other pH levels were not significantly different. 2. Leaf injury(injured leaf rate and injured leaf area) increased with decreasing pH levels of acid rain. 3. Leaf chlorophyll content measured during the period June through October was significantly different among the soil types, and that of the seedling in nursery soil was the highest. The lower pH levels of simulated acid rain was treated ; more leaf chlorophyll content was measured at the beginning of treatment, and the more it severely decreased at the late growing period. 4. Photosyntetic abilities, and the highest value was shown in nursery soil. Significand difference in photosynthetic ability among the levels of pH was observed only in August. Photosynthetic ability increased with decreasing pH levels at the beginning of treatment, but decreased rapidly after July.

인공산성우(人工酸性雨)가 은행(銀杏)나무의 엽면적(葉面積), 엽피해(葉被害), 엽록소함량(葉綠素含量) 및 엽조직(葉組織)의 광합성능(光合成能)에 미치는 영향(影響)을 구명(究明)하기 위하여, 천연(天然) 강우(降雨)를 차단(遮斷)하고 묘포토양(苗圃土壤), 혼합토양(混合土壤) 및 사질토양(砂質土壤)에 각각 분식(盆植)된 은행(銀杏)나무 유묘(幼苗)(1-0, half-sib)에 인공산성우(人工酸性雨)(황산(黃酸)과 질산(窒酸)을 3:1, v/v로 혼합(混合)하여 수도물로 희석한 pH2.0, 3.0, 4.0 및 5.0)와 수돗물(pH 6.4)을 생육기간중(生育其間中)(1985년(年) 4월(月) 28일(日)~10월(月) 19일(日))에 주(週) 3회(回), 매회(每回) 5mm씩 처리(處理)하여 얻어진 결과(結果)는 다음과 같다. 1. 산성우처리(酸性雨處理)에 의한 개체적(個體的) 엽면적(葉面積)의 변화(變化)는 토양별(土壤別)로 상이(相異)했으며, pH2.0 처리구(處理區)에서는 급격히 감소(減少)했으나, pH3.0이상의 처리구(處理區)들에서는 큰 차이(差異)가 없었다. 2. 엽피해율(葉被害率)은 처리산성우(處理酸性雨)의 pH 값이 낮을수록 피해엽율(被害葉率)과 피해면적(被害面積)이 증가(增加)하였다. 3. 엽조직(葉組織)의 엽록소함량(葉綠素含量)(총엽록소(總葉綠素), 엽록소(葉綠素) a 및 엽록소(葉綠素) b)은 6월(月)부터 10월(月)까지의 5회(回) 측정(測定)에서 토양간(土壤間)에 유의성(有意性)이 인정(認定)되었으며, 묘포토양(苗圃土壤)에서 가장 높았다. 처리산성우(處理酸性雨)의 pH 값이 낮을수록 처리초기(處理初期)에는 엽록소함량(葉綠素含量)이 높아졌으나, 7, 8월(月)부터는 급격히 감소(減少)하였다. 4. 엽조직(葉組織)의 광합성능(光合成能)은 7월(月), 8월(月) 및 9월(月) 측정(測定)에서 토양간(土壤間)에 차이(差異)가 있었으며, 묘포토양(苗圃土壤)에서 가장 높았다. 처리산성우(處理酸性雨)의 pH 값이 낮을수록 처리초기(處理初期)에는 높아졌으나, 7월(月)부터는 급격히 감소(減少)하였으며, 8월(月) 측정(測定)에서만 유의성(有意性)이 인정(認定)되었다.

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Acknowledgement

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