Trail Damage and Vegetational Change of Trail Side in Bukhan Mountain National Park

북한산 국립공원의 등산로 훼손 및 주변 식생변화

To survey trail damage and vegetational change around trail at Bukhan Mountain National Park in Korea, field survey was executed over Bukhan mountain district during August, 1987. Trail damage was surveyed for he section of 7.18km from Ui valley to Jeongnung valley in which user's density was high. Ground vegetation was surveyed with a belt-transect method from trail edge to forest and edge species were surveyed with a belt method along trail edge. Interrelation between trail damage and user's density was not dear. Damage class II of trail showed 23.9% of the surveyed section and class III showed 8.0% and class II and III of natural trail showed 19.7% and those of facilitated trail showed 12.3%. The length of damage class II and III requiring readjustment were estimated as 3.65 km and 1.22km from the main trail course of 15.3km at Bukhan mountain district. In case of no intervention to forest by users, vegetational change around trails was appeared up to 6-8 m from trailside. But in case of intervention to forest by users, vegetational change was not coincident with the change of soil hardness and was diverse locally. Quercus mongolica, Lespedeza cyrtobotrya and Rbo-dodendron mucronulatum were appeared as Raunkiaer frequency class E, and Weigela subsessilis. Lespedeza maximowiczii, Rhododendron schlippenbachii and Sorbus alnifolid were appeared as class D at trail edge of ridge-Quercus mongolica was appeared as class E and Rhododenderon mucrounulatium. Stephanandra incisa were appeared as class D at trail edge of midslope. Rhododenron mucronulatum. Lespedeza maximowiczii and Stepanandra incisa were appeared as class D at trail edge of valley. Lespedeza cyrtobotrya. Lespedeza maximowiczii and Stephanandra incisa were appeared as class D at trail edge of valley beside motorway.

북한산국립공원의 등산로훼손 및 등산로주변식생변화를 조사하기 위하여 북한산지구를 대상으로 1987년 8월에 실측조사를 실시하였다. 등산로훼손은 이용강도가 높은 우이동계곡과 정능계곡간 등산로 7.18km 구간을 조사했다. 식생 변화는 등산로 경계부에서 임내로 벨트-트란 섹트를 설치하여 매목조사를 하였고, 주변부식생은 등산로경계부를 따라 벨트를 설치해서 출현종을 조사하였다. 등산로 훼손량과 이용강도는 직접적 상관관계가 없었다. 훼손등급 II등급구간은 23.9%, III등급구간은 8.0%로 나타났으며, 자연등산로 II, III등급구간(19.7%)이 시설등산로 II, III등급구간(12.3%)보다 많게 나타났다. 북한산지역 주요등산로 15.3km중 보수정비가 필요한 등산로 II등급구간은 3.6km, III등급구간은 1.27km로 추정되었다. 등산객의 직접적 간섭이 없었던 등산로 주변 식생변화는 6-8m 구간까지 나타났으며, 등산로의 간섭이 있었던 등산로주변식생변화는 토양경도변화와 일치하지 않고 않았고 국지적으로 다르게 나타났다. 능선부 등산로 주연부식생으로서 Remkiaer 빈도계급 E계급수종은 신갈나무, 참싸리, 진달래, D계급수종은 병꽃나무, 조록싸리, 철쭉, 팥배나무이었으며, 중복등산로에서는 신갈나무가 E계급으로, 진달래, 참싸기, 국수나무가 D계급수종으로 출현했다. 계곡부에서는 진달래, 조록싸리, 국수나무가 D계급수종으로 출현했으며 자동차도로 옆 계곡부에서는 참싸리, 조록싸리, 국수나무가 D계급수종으로 나타났다.