Isolation and Physiological Properties of Marine Bacteria in the Eutropic Coastal Waters 1. Environmental Factors and Marine Bacterial Flora in the Eutropic Coastal Waters

부영양화 해역의 해양세균의 분리 및 분리균의 생리적 성질에 관하여 1. 부영양화 해역의 환경 및 세균상

  • LEE Won Jae (Department of Oceanography, National Fisheries University of Pusan) ;
  • CHUNG Hee Dong (National Fisheries Research and Development Agency) ;
  • KANG Chang Geun (National Fisheries Research and Development Agency) ;
  • PARK Hee Yeol (National Fisheries Research and Development Agency)
  • Published : 1986.11.01

Abstract

The marine bacterial flora of seawater at Masan Bay located in southern part of Korea was investigated to provide basic information about the origin of red tides in this area. The samples were collected at 5 sampling stations (see fig.1) established once a month from July 1985 to June 1986. The results are summerized as follows: 1. Two hundred and ninety one strains of marine bacteria among 299 strains isolated were identified from 156 samples(150 seawater samples and 6 mud samples) collected in the study area. 2. During the study period, the dissolved oxygen ranged from 2.1 to 6.3 ml/l; temperature of surface seawater ranged from 4.6 to $30.1^{\circ}C$; phosphate, silicate and nitrite ranged from 1.6 to 5.6 ${mu}g-at/l$, 327.27 to 3798.38 ${mu}g-at/l$, and 1.09 to 5.5 ${mu}g-at/l$, respectively. 3. Pseudomonas spp. were the most dominant bacterial species before red tides, Ancinetobacter spp. and Flavobacterium spp. during red tides, and Flavobacterium spp., Vibrio spp. and Acinetobacter spp. after red tides. 4. Viable counts marine bacterial flora ranged $10^4{\sim}10^8cell/ml$, and the most abundant viable counts of marine bacteria occured during red tides ($10^7{\sim}10^8cell/ml$).

연안 해역이 부영양화 해역으로 변하고 적조가 발생하여 악취를 내며 혼탁된 해수가 일정시간이 지나던 적조발생전의 해수상태로 되는것 같이 보인다. 이러한 현상이 일어나는 원인구명의 기초조사의 하나로 1985년 7월부터 1986월 6월까지 마산만 해역을 대상으로 조사한 내용을 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 채취된 156시료(해수 150, 이토 6 시료)중에서 291 균주의 해양세균을 분리하였다. 2. 채취된 156시료중 생균수는 $10^4-10^8cell/ml$이고, 수직혼합이 잘되는 2월의 경우(본 연구 기간중)는 표층이 $1.04{\times}10^6cell/ml$, 저층이 $1.84{\times}10^6cell/ml$이고, 수직혼합이 잘 되지않고 적조가 발생한 5,6월에는 표층이 각각 $2.66{\times}10^7cell/ml,\;1.29{\times}10^8cell/ml$, 저층인 경우 $1.84{\times}10^6cell/ml,\;8.64{\times}10^8cell/ml$로 높은 분포량을 보였다. 3. 분리된 해양세균상을 보델, Pseudomonas spp.가 $35\%$, Acinetobecter spp.가 $25\%$로 우점종으로 나타났고, 적조가 발생했을 때의 세균상으로는 Flavobacterium spp.가 $40\%$, Acinetobacter가 $35\%$였다. 적조가 끝난뒤에는 Flavobacterium spp.가 $35\%$, Vibrio spp.가 $25\%$, Acinetobacter spp.가 $20\%$ 순으로 나타났다. 4. 조사기간중 용존산소는 $2.1{\sim}6.13ml/l$, 수온은 $4.6{\sim}30.1^{\circ}C$, 인산염은 $1.06{\sim}5.6{\mu}g-at/l$, 규산염은 $327.27{\sim}3798.38{\mu}g-at/l$, 아질산염은 $1.09{\sim}5.5{\mu}g-at/l$였다.

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