Experimental Study of Leaching Phenomena of Cs-137 From a Cement Matrix Generated at PWR Plant

가압 경수로에서 생성된 시멘트 고화체로부터 Cs-137의 용출 현상의 실험적 연구

  • Doh, Jeong-Yeul (Department of Nuclear Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology) ;
  • Lee, Kun-Jai (Department of Nuclear Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology)
  • 도정열 (한국과학기술원 핵공학과) ;
  • 이건재 (한국과학기술원 핵공학과)
  • Published : 1986.12.15

Abstract

Experimental study for the leaching behavior of Cs-137 was carried out using the simulated evaporator bottom product of PWR plant. The method of leach test proposed by the IAEA was partially modified using ANS method. The effect of various factors, i.e., sampling method, curing temperature, curing time, leachant temperature, vermiculite addition and volume-to-surface ratio, was considered in this experiment. Diffusion model in semi-infinite slab was in a good agreement with the data obtained from 4-weeks cured specimens. The effective diffusion coefficient of the specimens which were cured at the temperature of $24^{\circ}C$ for 4 weeks was found to be $1.20{\sim}1.47{\times}10^{-11}cm^2/sec$. With the experimentally obtained diffusion coefficient ($1.47{\times}10^{-11}cm^2/sec$), long-term prediction for the leaching of Cs-137 was carried out using finite-slab approximation. The estimated fraction of Cs-137 which remains in the environment is found to be less than 0.25 percent of initial amount after 100 years. About 25 years after the beginning of leaching, its fractional amount in the environment reachs the maximum value, 0.66 percent of initial amount.

가압 경수로형 원자로에서 발생하는 증발기 저부 폐액에서의 Cs-137의 용출에 대한 실험을 수행하였다. IAEA에 의해 제안된 용출실험 방법에 근거를 두고, ANS 방법의 일부를 채용하였다. 용출에 영향을 미치는 여러 인자들로서, 시료채취방법, 양생온도, 양생기간, 용출액 온도, Vermiculite 첨가와 체적 대 표면적비 등이 고려되었다. 준 무한 격판(Semi-infinite Slab)에 대한 확산 모델은 4주간 경화된 시료의 실험치와 좋은 일치를 보이고 있다. 4주간 $25^{\circ}C$에서 양생된 시료의 표면적 확산 계수는 $1.20{\sim}1.47{\times}10^{-11}cm^2/sec$가 됨을 확인했으며, 이 계수에 의해 Cs-137의 장기 용출을 예측을 유한 격판 근사(Finite-slab Approximation) 방법을 이용하여 수행하였다. 또한, 계산 결과로부터 Cs-137은 용출 개시후 약 25년이 되면 초기량의 0.66%인 최대치가 되며 100년 후에는 약 0.25%가 잔류한다.

Keywords