패류의 유기산 조성에 관한 연구 2. 굴, 홍합, 바지락, 개량조개 및 그 자건품의 비휘발성유기산 조성

Studies on the Organic Acids Composition in Shellfishes 2. Nonvolatile Organic Acids Composition of Oyster, Sea-mussel, Baby Clam, Hen Clam and Their Boiled-dried Products

굴, 홍합, 바지락 및 개량조개 등 4종류의 패류를 시료로 하여 생체 및 이를 자건하였을 때의 유기산조성을 밭화고져 GLC로 분석검토하였다. 4종류의 시료중 굴, 홍합 및 바지락에 있어서는 8종류, 개량조개에 있어서는 9종류의 유기산이 동정 및 정량되었다. 굴의 주요산은 pyroglutamic, succinic 및 malic acid로서 총량의 $94.2\%$를 차지하였고, 홍합, 바지락 및 개량조개에 있어서의 주요산은 모두 succinic 및 malic acid로서 이들 산이 유기산총량에서 차지하는 비율은 각각 $90.8\%,\;89.7\%$ 및 $86.4\%$였다. 홍합, 바지락 및 개량조개에 있어서는 모두 succinic acid의 함량이 가장 많아 각각 $80.6\%,\;84.9\%$ 및 $73.2\%$였고, 굴에 있어서는 pyroglutamic acid의 함량이 가장 많아 $38.8\%$였고 다음이 succinic acid의 $34.4\%$였다. 유기산총량에 있어서는 굴이 913.0mg/100g로서 가장 많아 개량조개의 약 4.5배양을 나타내었고, 이어 홍합의 478.4mg/100g, 바지락의 246.3mg/100g의 순이었으며, 개량조개가 가장 적은 함량을 나타내어 291.2 mg/100g이었다. 생시료를 자건하였을 때의 유기산총량의 감소율은 굴이 $54.7\%$로서 가장 높고, 이어 홍합의 $46.5\%$, 개량조개의 $37.1\%$, 바지락의 $29.4\%$의 순이었다. 또한 각 유기산의 감소율은 시료에 따라 많은 차이를 나타내었는데, 전반적으로 보아 감소율이 큰 유기산은 malic, fumaric 및 pyroglutamic acid 등이고, 감소율이 적은 유기산은 succinic, lactic 및 oxalic acid 등이었다.

In succession to the previous paper, the present study was directed to investigate the nonvolatile organic acids composition in raw and belied-dried products of oyster, sea-mussel, baby clam and hen clam by gas liquid chromatography. The results obtained are summarized as follows : In four kinds of the samples examined, eight kinds of organic acids were identified and determined in oyster, sea-mussel and baby clam, and nine kinds in hen clam. The major organic acids in oyster were pyroglutamic, succinic and malic acid which was $94.2\%$ of total quantity of organic acid, and those in sea-mussel, baby clam and hen clam were succinic and malic acid which were $90.8\%,\;89.7\%\;and\;86.4\%$ of total acids, respectively. The most abundant organic acid in sea-mussel, baby clam and hen clam was succinic acid that was $80.6\%,\;84.9\%\;and\;73.2\%$ in total acids, repectively. And that of oyster was pyroglutamic acid which marked $38.8\%$ in total acids, and the next one was succinc acid marked $34.4\%$. In the total quantity of organic acid, the highest was 913.0 mg/100g in oyster which showed 4.5 times as much as in hen clam, followed by 478.4 mg/100g in sea-mussel, 246.3mg/100g in baby clam, and the least was 201.2 mg/100g in hen clam. The decreasing rate of total quently of organic acids by boiled-dried procersing was the highest in oyster, $54.7\%$, followed by $46.5\%$ in sea-mussel, $37.1\%$ in hen clam and $29.4\%$ in baby clam. The decreasing rate of each organic acid shelved much difference according to the samples examined, in general, great in malic, fumaric and proglutamic acid ana less in succinic, lactic and oxalic acid.