Abstract
In order to estimate breast-height form factors of Pinus thunbergii and Cryptomeria japonica, 8 models based on tree age, diameter at breast height and tree height were suggested and evaluated. It was the following equations that turned out to be most fit for estimating them; for Pinus thunbergii, $F=0.553-4.567\;1/A+71.409\;1/A^2$ ($R^2=0.928$), based on tree age, ($6.727^{**}$) ($14.100^{**}$) $F=0.356+1.774\;1/D-0.770\;1/D^2$ ($R^2=0.944$), based on diameter at breast height, ($15.102^{**}$) ($2.908^{**}$) $F=0.316+1.546\;1/H+0.397\;1/H^2$ ($R^2=0.941$), based on tree height, ($8.380^{**}$) ($3.896^{**}$) for Cryptomeria japonica, $F=0.400+2.348\;1/A+17.053\;1/A^2$ ($R^2=0.889$), based on tree age, ($3.501^{**}$) ($3.298^{**}$) $F=0.353+2.118\;1/D-1.462\;1/D^2$ ($R^2=0.923$), based on diameter at breast height, ($14.873^{**}$) ($3.545^{**}$) $F=0.403+0.427\;1/H+2.843\;1/H^2$ ($R^2=0.887$), based on tree height. ($3.254^{**}$) ($5.742^{**}$) The above estimated breast-height form factors proved to be overestimated for young trees and small diameter trees, and to be underestimated for old trees and large diameter trees, in comparison to generally accepted figure in Korea, that is, the form factor of 0.45.
곰솔과 삼나무의 흉고형수(胸高形數)를 구(求)하기 위하여 흉고형수(胸高形數)를 수령(樹齡), 흉고직경(胸高直徑) 및 수고(樹高)의 극수(亟數)로 나타낸 8개(個)의 모형(模型)을 선정(選定)하여 추정식(推定式)을 구(求)하고, 구(求)한 추정식(推定式)의 유의성(有意性)을 검정(檢定)한 후 정도(精度)가 가장 높은 추정식(推定式)에 의하여 흉고형수(胸高形數)를 결정(決定)하였으며, 그 결과를 요약(要約)하면 다음과 같다. <곰솔의 흉고형수추정(胸高形數推定)> ${\bullet}$ 수령(樹齡) : $F=0.553-4.567\;1/A+71.409\;1/A^2\;(R^2=0.928)\\{\hspace{85}(6.727^{**})\hspace{30}(14.100^{**})}$ ${\bullet}$ 흉고직경(胸高直徑) : $F=0.356+1.774\;1/D-0.770\;1/D^2\;(R^2=0.944)\\{\hspace{90}(15.102^{**})\hspace{15}(2.908^{**})}$ ${\bullet}$ 수고(樹高) : $F=0.316+1.546\;1/H+0.397\;1/H^2\;(R^2=0.941)\\{\hspace{90}(8.380^{**})\hspace{25}(3.896^{**})}$ <삼나무의 흉고형수추정(胸高形數推定)> ${\bullet}$ 수령(樹齡) : $F=0.400+2.348\;1/A+17.053\;1/A^2\;(R^2=0.889)\\{\hspace{90}(3.501^{**})\hspace{25}(3.298^{**})}$ ${\bullet}$ 흉고직경(胸高直徑) : $F=0.353+2.118\;1/D-1.462\;1/D^2\;(R^2=0.923)\\{\hspace{85}(14.873^{**})\hspace{15}(3.545^{**})}$ ${\bullet}$ 수고(樹高) : $F=0.403+0.427\;1/H+2.843\;1/H^2\;(R^2=0.887)\\{\hspace{90}(3.254^{**})\hspace{25}(5.742^{**})}$ 등(等)으로 구(求)하였다. 이들 추정식(推定式)에 의하여 결정(決定)된 흉고형수(胸高形數)는 우리나라에서 지금까지 일괄(一括) 적용(適用)되고 있는 흉고형수(胸高形數) 0.45에 비(比)하여 소경목(小徑木), 유령목(幼齡木)에서는 과대치(過大値) 그리고 대경목(大徑木), 노령목(老齡木)에서는 과소치(過小値)로 나타났다.