Naegleria fowleri 감염에 대한 방어면역에 관한 실험적 연구

Protective immunity against Naegzeria meningoencephalitis in mice

병원성 자유생활 아메바인 Naegleria fowleri를 CGVS 배지에서 무균적으로 배양하여 그 영향형을 복강내로 주입하여 인위적으로 면역시킨 마우스에 본 원충율 비강내로 감염시켰을때 방어면역이 생성되는지를 관찰하였다. 감염 8일후부터 마우스가 사망하기 시작하였고 이 마우스의 뇌에서 전형적인 원발성 아메바성 뇌수막염이 발생했음을 관찰할 수 있었다. N. fowleri 감염으로 인한 마우스의 사망율은 대조군에서 보다 네가지 항원으로 면역시킨 실험군에서 모두 현저히 낮았으며, 감염에서 사망할 때까지의 생존기간도 면역시킨 실험군에서 대조군보다 연장되었으나, N. fowleri 세포막항원으로 면역시킨 실험군에서는 대조군과 비교할때 차이가 없었다. 또한 N. gruberi 영양형으로 면역시킨 실험군에서도 생존기간이 연장되었다. 이상의 성적을 요약하면 N. fowleri를 마우스 복강내로 주입시켜 면역시킬 때 방어면역이 생성됨을 알 수 있었다.

This study is to verify the protective ability against experimental Naegleria meningoencephalitis by immunization with Naegleria fowleri in mice. Naegleria fewleri, strain 0359, and Naegleria gruberi, strain EGB, were used in this study, and cultured in CGVS medium akenically. Inbred BALB/C mice, weighing about 20g, were immunized by three intraperitoneal injection of $1{\times}10^6$ N. fowleri trophozoites at the interval of one week. This N. fowleri trophozoites antigen was fixed with 5% formaldehyde. N. fowleri trophozoites from culture were homogenized with soiicator at $4^{\circ}C$ as monitored by phase contrast microscopy, and their membrane and cell content preparations were made for the immunization of mice. Their inoculation dose in volume was equivalent to the $1{\times}10^6$ trophozoites in each injection for immunization. And N. gruberi trophosoites, whieh was fixed with 5% formaldehyde, were also used for immunisation. Mice were inoculated intranasally with $5{\times}10^4$ N. fowleri trophozoites in a 511 suspension under anesthesia by as intraperitoneal injection of about 1 mg secobarbiturate. Nervousness, rotation or sluggish behaviour were observed in the mice which were infected with N. fewleri. Necrotic lesion was demonstrated in the anterior portion of brain, especially in the olfactory lobe. The inflammatory cell infiltration with numerous H. fowleri trophozoites was noticed. This pathological changes were more extensive in the control than in the experimental groups. Mice were dead due to experimental primary amoebic meningoencephalitis that developed between 8 days and 23 days after inoculation. Mortality rate of the mice was low in the immunized experimental group. Mean survival time, which is the survival duration of mice from the infection to death, was prolonged significantly in the immunized mice except in the mice immunized with JV, fowleri membrane. Even in the mice immunized with N. gruberi, survival time was delayed. In summary, the effectiveness of immunization is demonstrated in terms of protective immunity against Naegleria meningoencephalitis in mice.