Abstract
A study on the reaction mechanism for the manufacture of ethanolamines from aqueous ammonia and ethylene oxide was carried out in a bench scale batch reactor. Rate constants and activation energy were determined by assuming that the reaction occurred in the manner of irreversible competitive consecutive second order reaction. In the case of 28% aqueous ammonia as a reactant, the reaction rate constants in the first step ($k_1$) were calculated to be $1.235{\times}10^3{\el}l/min\;mol,\;3.243{\times}10^{-3}{\ell}/min\;mol,\;and\;7.784{\times}10^{-3}{\ell}/min\;mol$ at $20^{\circ}C,\;35^{\circ}C\;and\;50^{\circ}C$ respectively. The calculated activation energy was about 11,500 cal/mol. Process simulation using these calculated results was found satisfactory in good accordance with the actual experimental results.
Ammonia와 ethylene oxide로부터 이루어지는 ethanolamines 합성반응에서 반응속도 상수 및 활성화에너지의 결정 등 반응속도식을 중심으로한 ethanolamines 제조과정을 회분식 실험에 의한 반응 기구분석을 통해 고찰해 보았다. 반응을 2차의 비가역 competitive consecutive reaction이라고 가정하고 28wt%의 ammonia 수용액을 사용하는 경우 반응속도 $k_1$은 $20^{\circ}C$에서 $1.235\;{\times}\;10^{-3}{\ell}/min\;mol,\;35^{\circ}C$에서 $3.243\;{\times}\;10^{-3}{\ell}/min\;mol,\;50^{\circ}C$에서 $7.784\;{\times}\;10^{-3}{\ell}/min\;mol$, 활성화에너지는 약 11,500 cal/mol로 구해졌다. 또 반응속도 상수비가 $K_2\;(=\;k_2/k_1)\;=\;8.51\;-\;0.051C_w ,\;K_3\;(=k_3/k_1)\;=\;14.81\;-\;0.196C_w$로 구해져 물 농도에 대한 1차 감소감수의 관계가 확인되었다. 반응속도 $k_1$과 속도상수비 $K_2,\;K_3$로부터 수식해석적으로 계산된 결과들은 실험치와 매우 잘 일치하였다.