Food Components of Aldaegu(Salted and Dried Cod)

알대구의 식품성분(食品成分)

This study was attempted to evaluate the chemical components of Aldaegu, Gadus macrocephalus, which consumed as a salted and dried product popularly in Korea. The contents of such compounds as amino acids, nucleotides and their related compounds, fatty acids and minerals were analysed. The content of total free amino acids was 814.9 mg% on dry basis and the major amino acids were tyrosine, alanine, histidine, leucine, phenylalanine, lysine and valine in a decreasing order. These amino acids were resulted as 45% of total free amino acids in Aldaegu. In the nucleotides and their related compounds, inosine and hypoxanthine were the only compounds detected. The overall content of nucleotide and their related nitrogenous compounds, free amino acid-N., ammonia-N., creatine and creatinine-N., and betaine-N., was 78.6% of extractable nitrogen. Ammonia-N was the most abundant of other nitrogenous compounds, resulting 36.6% of extractable nitrogen from the sample. In the fatty acid composition of total lipid and phospholipid, polyenoic fatty acid was abundant holding about 48% respectively. However, higher amounts of saturated fatty acids(39.8%) were found in glycolipid, and the predominant fatty acids in quantity were palmitic $acid(C_{16:0})$, stearic acid $(C_{18:0})$, oleic $acid(C_{18:1})$, docosahexaenoic $acid(C_{22:6})$, eicosapentaenoic $acid(C_{20:5})$ and eicosatetraenoic $acid(C_{20:4})$. Aldaegu contained 27,430 ppm of sodium and the trace amount of lead and cadmium was detected, which gave a good safety in the food sanitation aspects. It was presumed that free amino acids, ammonia, hypoxanthine, betaine, creatine and creatinine, and minerals play an important role for the characteristics of taste and flavor of Aldaegu.

우리나라 전통수산가공식품(傳統水産加工食品)의 식품성분(食品成分)에 대한 자료를 얻은 목적으로 염건품(鹽乾品)의 일종인 알대구의 유리아미노산, 핵산관련물질(核酸關聯物質), 지방산조성(脂肪酸組成) 및 무기질(無機質)등을 분석(分析)하였다. 알대구의 수분함량(水分含量)은 28.3%였고 염도(鹽度)는 10.5%로서 일반염건품(一般鹽乾品)의 염도(鹽度)와 비슷하였다. 총유리아미노산함량(含量)은 814.9 mg%이었고 이중 tyrosine, alanine, histidine, leucine, phenylalanine, lysine, valine등이 전체의 45%를 차지하였다. 핵산관련물질(核酸關聯物質)로는 inosine과 hypoxanthine만이 검출되었는데 hypoxanthine의 함량(含量)의 많았다. 알대구의 엑스분질소(分窒素)중에서 핵산관련물질질소(核酸關聯物質窒素), 유리아미노산질소(窒素), 암모니아질소(窒素), 총 creatinine질소(窒素) 및 betaine질소(窒素)가 전체의 78.6%를 차지하였는데 암모니아질소(窒素)가 특히 많아 36.0%나 차지하였다. 그리고 총지질(總脂質), 중성지질(中性脂質), 인지질(燐脂質)에서는 polyene산이 48% 정도로서 많은 양을 차지하였고, 탕지질(糖脂質)은 포화산이 39.8%로서 가장 많았으며, 양적(量的)으로 많은 지방산(脂肪酸)은 palmitic $acid(C_{16:0})$, stearic $acid(C_{18:0})$, oleic $acid(C_{18:1})$, docosahexaenoic $acid(C_{22:6})$, eicosapentaenoic $acid(C_{20:5})$, eicosatetraenoic $acid(C_{20:4})$ 등이었다. 알대구의 무기질(無機質)중 Na가 27, 430.24 ppm 으로서 함량(含量)이 많았으며, Pb, Cd는 기준치 이하로 위생적(衛生的)으로 안전한 값이었다. 알대구의 풍미(風味)에는 유리아미노산, 암모니아, hypoxanthine, betaine, creatine 및 creatinine, 무기질(無機質)등이 서로 어울려 독특(獨特)한 맛과 냄새에 관여하는 것으로 볼 수 있었다.