Studies on the Utilization of Exothermic Heat Composting during Winter Season

동계(冬季) 퇴비부숙열(堆肥腐熟熱) 이용(利用)에 관(關)한 연구(硏究)

This study was conducted to evaluate the characteristics of exothermic heat and compost generated from decomposition of organic wastes composts were piled up with various sources of raw materials of rice straw, rice husk, human and animal wastes. The duration of generated exothermic heat during compositing process was longer in mixture piles of rice straw/rice husk ratio of 1:1 compared to rice straw alone. Temperature in compost piles added with phosphate as fused superphosphate fertilizer was rapidly increased at the earlier stage of composting and gradually decreased in 30 days compared to the check. pH of compost showed 5.5 at initial piling, however, its peak appeared 8.8 in 10 days with rapidly increasing temperature of compost and maintained around 8.3 after one month. Compost of mixture of rice straw and chicken droppings maintained temperature ranges of 30 to $65^{\circ}C$ for 39 days, compost of rice straw, rice husk and chicken droppings for 69 days, piles of rice straw, rice husk and hog manure for 56 days, mixture of rice straw, rice husk and cow manure for 66 days and compost of rice straw, rice husk and human wastes for 21 days.

동계(冬季)에 볏짚, 왕겨와 인축분뇨(人畜糞尿)를 원료(原料)로하여 재료별(材料別)로 퇴적(堆積)하고 부숙과정(腐熟過程)에서 발생(發生)되는 퇴비온도(堆肥溫度) 및 퇴비성상(堆肥性狀)의 변화(變化)를 조사(調査)한 결과(結果)는 다음과 같다. 1. 볏짚, 왕겨 1:1 혼합구(混合區)가 볏짚 단용구(單用區)에 비(比)하여 퇴비부숙발열기간(堆肥腐熟發熱期間)이 연장(延長)되었다. 2. 인산첨가구(燐酸添加區)의 퇴비온도(堆肥溫度)는 대조구(對照區)에 비(比)하여 발효초기(醱酵初期)에는 급격(急激)히 상승(上昇)하였으나 발효(醱酵) 30일(日) 이후(以後)에는 낮아지는 경향(傾向)이었다. 3. pH는 발효초기(醱酵初期)에 5.5이었으나 퇴비온도(堆肥溫度)의 급상승(急上昇)과 더불어 10일경(日傾)에 8.8까지 올라갔으며 30일 이후(日以後)부터는 거의 변화(變化)가 없었다. 4. 퇴비온도(堆肥溫度)가 $30{\sim}65^{\circ}C$로 유지(維持)되는 기간(其間)은 볏짚+계분구(鷄糞區)가 39일(日), 볏짚+왕겨+계분구(鷄糞區)가 69일(日), 볏짚+왕겨+돈분구(豚糞區)가 56일(日), 볏짚+왕겨+우분구(牛糞區)가 66일(日), 볏짚+왕겨+인분구(人糞區)가 21일(日)로서 볏짚+왕겨+계분구(鷄糞區)가 가장 길었다.