Effects of Low Temperature on the Development of Greenhouse White Fly, Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood) (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae)

온실가루이의 저온장애에 관한 연구

Results obtained from the experiment conducted to determine the potential distribution of greenhouse white flies are summerized as follows; Hatching rate of eggs were significantly decreased when eggs were treated under $-5^{\circ}C$ for three days and no eggs were hatched when 4he eggs were treated at $10^{\circ}C$. for three days. Kate of pupation was also decreased when larvae were subjected to $-5^{\circ}C$ for three days and no pupation of larvae was of served when the larvae were under $-20^{\circ}C$ for three days. Emergency rate of pupae was decreased when pupae were under $-20^{\circ}C$. for three days and no emergence was observed when pupae were treated at the temperature of $-20^{\circ}C$ for three days. Survival rate of adults were greatly decreased when they were under $-7.5^{\circ}C$. for three days and the adults were completely dead when they were subjected to $-10^{\circ}C$. for three days. Therefore, it may be concluded that the greenhouse white flies may be overwintered, in the from of pupae at the middle-southern part of Korea, while they may overwinter in all developmental stages in Jeju Island and in southern tip coast area of Korea.

시설원예의 중요해충인 온실가루이의 국내에서의 정착가능여부를 파악하기 위해 수행된 각태별 저온처리 시험결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 난은 $-5^{\circ}C$, 3시간처리에서 부화율이 현저히 떨어졌으며 $-10^{\circ}C$, 3일간처리에서 부화능력을 완전 상실하였다. 2. 유충은 $-5^{\circ}C$, 3일간처리에서 용화율이 현저히 떨어졌으며 $-20^{\circ}C$, 3일간처리에서 용화능력을 완전상실하였다. 3. 용은 $-15^{\circ}C$, 3일간처리에서 우화율이 현저히 떨어졌으며 $-20^{\circ}C$, 3일간처리에서 우화능력을 완전상실하였다. 4. 성충은 $-7.5^{\circ}C$ 3일간처리에서 생존율이 현저히 떨어졌으며 $-10^{\circ}C$, 3일간처리에서 완전사멸하였다. 이상의 결과로 미루어보아 국내의 중남부지역에서는 용태로 월동이 가능하고 제주도 및 남해안지역에서는 각태모두 월동이 가능할 것으로 고려된다.