Studies on the Reduction of Hydrogen Fluoride Damage to Rice Plant II. Optimum Application of Lime and Wollastonite

수도(水稻)에 대(對)한 불화수소(弗化水素)가스 피해경감(被害輕減)에 관(關)한 연구(硏究) II. 소석회(消石灰), 규회석(珪灰石)의 적정시용량(適正施用量)

The studies were carried out to examine the effect of soil improvement agents, such as lime, wollastonite and phosphate, in reducing the damage caused by hydrogen fluoride gas to the vegetative growth of rice. The yield loss, damage rate of the plant leaves, the fluoride and silicate concentrations of the plants were measured. The results obtained are summarized as follows : 1. Of various levels of added lime and wollastonite, the best were found to be neutralized lime plus lime 150kg/10a, and wollastonite 150kg/10a. 2. Added fluoride increased the fluoride content of the plant and the damage rate of the plant leaves, and the yield was greatly decreased. 3. The silicate concentration at harvesting period was also increased by high amounts of fluoride in the plant during vegetative growth. 4. Increasing the amount of added lime increased the watersoluble silicate concentration in the soil. The silicate content of the plant showed the same tendency.

농작물(農作物)에 대(對)한 불화수소(弗化水素)가스의 피해(被害)를 경감(輕減)시키기 위(爲)하여 피해경감제(被害輕減劑)로서 소석회(消石灰) 규회석(硅灰石)을 토양(土壤)에 증시(增施)하여 수도(水稻)를 재배(裁培)하고 $0.05g/m^3$ 및 $0.10g/m^3$의 불화수소(弗化水素)가스를 1시간(時間)씩 접촉(接觸)한후(后) 수량감소정도(收量減少程度), 피해엽율(被害葉率), 식물체중(植物體中)의 불소함량(弗素含量) 및 규산함량(珪酸含量)을 조사(調査)한 결과(結果)는 다음과 같다. 1. 소석회(消石灰) 및 규회석시용량(硅灰石施用量)에 따른 불화수소(弗化水素)가스에 의(依)한 피해경감효과(被害輕減效果)는 석회(石灰) 중화량(中和量)+150kg/10a이 가장 좋았고, 규회석(硅灰石)은 150kg/10a 시용(施用)이 가장 효과(效果)가 좋았다. 2. 식물체중(植物體中) 불소함량(弗素含量)과 피해엽율(被害葉率)이 증가(增加)함에 따라 피해(被害)가 증가(增加)되었다. 3. 가스접촉(接觸) 식물체중(植物體中) 불소함량(弗素含量)이 많았던 구(區)에서 수확기(收穫期) 식물체중(植物體中) 규산함량(珪酸含量)이 많았다. 4. 시용량(施用量) 증가(增加)에 따라서 토양중(土壤中) 가용성(可溶性) 규산함량(珪酸含量)이 增加하였고 식물체중(植物體中) 규산함량(珪酸含量)도 증가(增加)하는 경향(傾向)이었다.