Abstract
Tidal waves and the fluctuation of current are studied by use of observed data on tidal level, flow velocity and river discharge in the estuarine region of the Nakdong River. Observed data on the tidal level at five stations are used to obtain the fluctuation of amplitude and phase of tides, and the change of the wave speed versus distance from the river mouth. Comnining these tidal data with the vertical distribution of horizontal velocity data, some characteristics of the periodic tidal flow are deduced: (1)Diminishing rates of the tidal amplitude ratio η / η$\_$0/ at high tide were 0.058η$\_$0H/ /Km at neap tides. The constant of phase change, K, was 0.035rad/km. (2)While proceeding landward, the shape of the tidal wave changes from symmetrical to asymmetrical. The traveling speed of the tidal wave crest was estimated to be 3.6∼5.2m/sec, while that of the tidal wave trough was 2.4∼ 3.5m/sec. (3)The flowing speed of the water varies periodically in accordance with the tidal period. The maximum speed of landward flow appeared approximately at two hours before the high tide, while that of seaward flow at two hours before the low tide. (4)The upstream boundary is deduced approximately to be 50km at spring tide and 44km at neap tide from the tidal velocity decreasing. the tidal influence area is estimated approximately to be 65km from the tidal amplitude damping.
낙동강은 유역이 약 2.4 $10^{4}$$\textrm{km}^2$ 이고 길이가 525km에 달하는 대하천으로 농업, 공업, 생활용수 등 영남지방의 용수 공급원으로서 중요하다. 최근에는 하구역 에서 천해어장, 홍수대책, 하도개수, 간척, 매립 등 다양한 이용개발이 계획 또는 실시 되고 있다. 따라서 이 하구역의 효육적 이용과 관리를 위하여는 하구수의 유동을 지배하는 요인인 하천조석에 관한 기초적인 연구가 불가결하다.